(二)分词的时态

现在分词分一般式和完成式，而过去分词则没有时态形式的变化。

现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生，或在谓语动词之前发生。例如：

Knowing his uncle would come, he began to make some preparations.

现在分词的完成时，表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。常用作状语。例如：

Having finished his homework, he went to bed.

4．作状语

While lying in bed, he listened to some music.

Seen from the hill, the village looks move beautiful.

分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则分词前面必须有自己的主语。

3．作宾语补足语

I heard him singing a song in the classroom.

We found the ground covered with snow.

2．作表语

We are excited at the news.

The news he told us is exciting.

分词是动词非谓语形式的一种，包括现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示：主动，动作正在进行。过去分词表示：被动，动作已经完成。

(一)分词的作用

分词在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。例如：

1．作定语

Do you know the boy standing at the gate?

Have you read the book 　written by　 Lu Xun？

5．　 完成被动式to have been done

例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.

4．　 被动式to be done

例如：The work is to be done soon.

3．　 完成式to have done

例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room.

2．　 进行式to be doing

例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time.

1．　 一般式to do

例如：I like to read English.