6. employ vt. 雇用,使用
The farmer employed more workers at harvest time.
这个农场主在收获季节雇用更多工人。
It's important to employ words in writing poem.
写诗用词很重要。
也可以解释为“忙于,从事”。
They were employed in writing when I came.
我来的时候他们正忙于写东西。
注:要弄清 employ 几个名词的用法:employee (雇工,
雇员),employer (户主,东家),employment (就业,雇
用)。
[考点4]energy 的用法
▲ 构词:
① energetic adj. 精力充沛的,需要精力去做的
② energetically adv. 精力充沛地
▲ 搭配:
① save one's energy for 为……而保存精力
② be full of energies 精力充沛,精力旺盛
③ devote one's energy to (doing) sth 致力于
④ concentrate one's energy on 集中精力在……上
▲友情提示:泛指一般意义的“精力”,不可数;具体指
某人做事的“精力”,用复数。
[考例4][NMET 1996]Many countries are increasing
their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of ____.
A. energy B. source
C. power D. material
[考查目标] 本题考查 energy 及其近义词的区别。
[答案与解析]A natural gas和wind属于energy范
畴。
[考点7]fact 的用法
▲句型:英语中的“事实上。实际上,其实”可表达为:
① as a matter of fact
② in (actual) fact
③ in point of fact
④ The fact (of the matter) is (that)...
⑤ It's a fact that...
在提供某种信息来强调已经说过的某物/某事时,或在
不同意某人说过的某物/某事时,使用以上表达。
[考例7](2004浙江) The winter of 1990 was extremely
bad, ____ most people say it was the worst winter
of their lives.
A. At last B. In fact
C. In a word D. As a result
[考查目标] 考查短语在实际语境中的用法。
[答案与解析]B at last 表示“最后”;in fact 表示“事
实上”;in a word 表示“总而言之”;as a result表示“结
果是”。结合上下文意思应该是“1990年冬天特别糟
糕。事实情况是,大多数人都说是他们一生中最糟糕
的一个冬天”。
[考点2]form 的用法
▲ 构词:
① formation n. 形成;组成
② formal adj. 形式上的;正式的
③ informal adj. 非正式的
▲ 搭配:
① form in line 站好队;排成纵队
② in the form of 以……形式
③ fill in / out the form 填表格
④ be in / out of form 处于良好(不好)的竞技状态
⑤ in form 形式上
[考例2](2004全国卷III) Reading is an experience
quite different from watching TV; There are pictures
____ in your mind instead of before your eyes.
A. to form B. form
C. forming D. having formed
[考查目标] 考查非谓语动词的实际运用。
[答案与解析]C There be 句型后面经常接动词-ing
形式表示该名词 pictures 与 in your mind 的关系是主
动的.而该动作表示主动进行。
8. cheat vt. vi. 欺骗,作弊 n. 骗子
常用结构:cheat sth. (out) of sb. 骗某人东西
The beggar cheated money of the old lady at the
railway station.
乞丐在车站骗了那位老太太的钱。
It's wrong to cheat in exams.
考试作弊是不对的。
注:作名词时通常用 cheat,也可以用 cheater。
He is nothing but a cheat.
他只不过是个骗子。
[考点3]employ 的用法
▲ 构词:
① employer n. 雇主;老板
② employee n. 雇员;雇丁
③ employment n. 雇用;就业;工作;职业
④ unemployment n. 失业;失业状态
▲ 搭配:be employed in 从事,忙于
▲ 句型:
① employ sb (主动) → sb be employed (被动)
② employ sb as + 职业/in 或 at + 地点(主动)
→ sb be employed as + 职业 / in 或 at + 地点 (被动,
更常见) 在某单位任某职;受雇于某单位当/任……
③ employ sb to do sth (主动) → sb be employed to do
sth (被动)
④ be employed in doing sth / on sth... 忙于干某事.从
事于某事,时间花在……
⑤ employ oneself in doing sth / on sth 忙于干某事,从
事于……,时间花在……
⑥ employ one's spare / free / much time in doing sth.
花业余/更多时间千某事
▲辨析:employ; engage; hire; let; rent; take on
该组词均意为“雇用”,但employ较正式,官方文件一
般用employ。受雇人员较广,甚至包括社会地位较高
的职业人员,有“聘请”之义,强调工作,不像hire那样
侧重于报酬。engage作“雇用某人”解,常指临时或短
期的雇用,侧重于雇用专业人员,侧重于动作。hire和
rent都有“花钱使用某物”和“把某物使用权出让给别人
以收取费用”之意,rent在英国英语中多指用于长时间
的场合。如:rent a house,a flat,a TV等;hire多指临
时租用某物。如:hire a boat,a car,a camera,a bicy-
cle,an evening dress,a hall for a meeting等,指人时,
有“雇用”、“受雇”两种含义。而在美国英语中,rent既
可用于长时间的出租,也可用于短时间的出租,多指客
户向主人租用房子、土地或其他物品,也可指出租。
hire在美国英语中可用来指“雇用(give a job to)”。Iet
作“租用”时,一般指出租人向外出租房子、房间等。另
外rent还可作名词,意为“租金;租费”。take on较口语
化,表示“雇用某人”。例如:
The firm employs the retired professor as an adviser. 这
家公司聘这位退休的教授担任顾问。
The foreign teachers were engaged from Canada. 这些
外籍教师是从加拿大招聘来的。
Our school hired the local theatre for its annual con-
cert. 我们学校租用了当地的影剧院举行了一年一度的
音乐会。
Have you any rooms to let? 你有房间出租吗?
She lets the cottage to holiday-makers in the summer.
她把房子租给夏天来度假的人。
Our house has been rented by a newly-married couple.
我们的房子被一对新婚夫妇租去了。
Boats are let / rent out in the park for 20 yuan per
hour. 公园里出租小船,每小时的租金是20元。
We have decided to take on a new clerk in the accounts
department. 我们已经决定在会计部雇用一名新职员。
▲ 友情提示:英语中“雇用”的其他表达法:take on;
hire;have sb doing sth;rent (租用);use (借用);“解
雇;开除”的表达法:fire;dismiss;turn / send away;
lay off。
[考例3](2003北京春招)
-- How long ____ at this job?
-- Since 1990.
A. were you employed
B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed
D. will you be employed
[考查目标] 考查上下文中时态的运用。
[答案与解析]B 从问句中的how long和回答中的
Since 1990都可以知道应该选现在完成时态表示对现
在的影响。
2. [C] 协定,协议
disagreement n. 意见不同
▲搭配:
① agree on sth (双方)商定某事;决定某事;在某方面达
成共识
② agree to sth (plan, suggestion, idea, arrangement)
同意…
③ sign / break an / the / one's agreement 签署/撕毁协
议
④ reach / arrive at / come to an agreement (with sb)
(与某人)达成协议
▲ 句型:
① (quite) agree with sb (on / about sth) agree with
(one's opinion / view / what clause) (在某方面)赞
成某人的意见;同意某人(的观点或看法);与某人的
意见相同 (on后接讨论的具体内容;about后接讨论
的主题)
② sth agree with sb 适合(某人);适应(某人)
③ sth agree with sth... 与……一致/相符
④ agree to do sth 同意做某事
⑤ agree that clause 认为;认同
⑥ agree to one's doing sth = agree to let sb do sth 同意
某人做某事
⑦ sth be agreed 大家都同意
⑧ It's generally agreed that... 人们普遍认为……
⑨ (be)in agreement with sb (about sth) / what sb said
(在某方面)与某人意见一致
⑩ (be) in agreement with sb. (on this / that point) (在
这/那一点上)同意某人
▲ 友情提示:英语中绝不能使用agree sb to do sth 句
式。
[考例6](1999上海) The manager has ____ to im-
prove the working conditions in the company.
A. accepted B. allowed
C. permitted D. agreed
[考查目标] 考查动词的搭配与用法。
[答案与解析]D allow和permtt相同,经常接doing
或sb. to do;accept一般接名词或代词作宾语;而agree
后面可以接动词不定式作宾语。
1. [U] 同意,一致
2. advantage n. 优势,优点
反义:disadvantage 劣势,缺点
[词组] take advantage of 利用
Boys have more advantages over girls in finding jobs.
男孩子找工作比女孩子更有优势。
You must take full advantage of the unloaded
information.
你应该充分利用这些下载的信息。
[考点6]agree 的用法
▲构词:
① disagree v. 不同意;不一致
② agreement n.
10. I believe that you have got it right.
[单词聚焦]
[考点1]advantage 的用法
▲ 搭配:
① have / win / get / gain the / an advantage of / over
胜过;优于
② (be) to one's advantage / disadvantage 对……有利/
不利
③ take advantage of = make one's advantage of 乘机利
用;利用别人的弱点占便宜;欺骗
[考例1][2005 南京模拟] British students only have a
language ____ for jobs in the USA and Australia.
A. chance B. ability
C. possibility D. advantage
[考查目标] 本题考查advantage的意思。
[答案与解析]D 本句的language advantage的意思
是。语言方面的优势”。
9. You are wrong thinking that...
8. I'm afraid you are wrong...
7. You must be mistaken...
6. I don't think so.
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