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1.On June 26,2000,two scientists,called Francis Collins and Craig Venter,told the world that they could now read the whole"map"of the human body:DNA.DNA is something that everybody has,and it tells the body what to do.DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father,because we get some of their DNA to make our own.
People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time.In 1860,Gregor Mendel discovered a special reason why we look the same as other people in our family.It is because of small things named "genes" in our body.In 1953,James Watson and Francis Crick made another discovery and found out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA with a special language.
In 1961,Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Matthaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell (细胞) to build its parts.Scientists have now found all the words in the DNA map,but we still do not understand what they all do.By understanding what just one"word"means,we can help save more people from several illnesses.
Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people.Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information,we might use it in a wrong way,just to make people more attractive,or stop sick people from getting jobs.Man would have to meet a lot of trouble if DNA technic wasn't limited in use.
46.When did we first know why we look like other people in our family?D
A.In 1860.B.In 1953.C.In 1961.D.In 2000.
47.What does the underlined word"gene"mean?C
A.The"map"of DNA.B.A special language.
C.Small parts of DNA.D.DNA.
48.What did the two scientists first discover in 1961?D
A.The"map"of DNA.B.A new illness.
C.The language of DNA.    D.A message of DNA.
49.What can we do if we understand some"words"of the language inside the body?B
A.Make people get new jobs.B.Make medicine for illnesses.
C.Make maps of human.D.Make people less attractive.
50.What do people think about this work?A
A.It can cause good or bad resutls.B.It can cause only good results.
C.It can cause good results but won't work.D.It can cause only bad results.

分析 2000年6月26日,两位科学家,弗兰克斯.柯林斯和克莱格.温特,向外界宣告他们已经完全破译了"人体地图":DNA.DNA 是我们每个人都有的东西,并且它能告诉我们身体该做什么.DNA是我们长的像父母的原因,因为我们从父母那里遗传到一部分他们的DNA.
长久以来人们一直在尝试了解我们的人体.1860年,乔治.曼德尔揭示了我们跟家族其他成员很像的特殊原因.这就是源于我们体内被称为"基因"的小东西.1953年,詹姆斯.沃森 和弗兰克斯.克里克 有了别的发现,他们发现这些小东西真正携带的信息被用特殊的语言写在了 DNA 上.
1961年,马歇尔.尼日伯格 和 约翰.马萨尔 发现遗传微粒携带的信息显示出遗传微粒是怎么样指导细胞生成的.科学家们已然发现了遗传微粒图谱上所有的字,但是他们还是不清楚他们的运行机制.通过解某一个字的含义,帮助人们从某些疾病中解救更多的人.
大多数人希望这将有助于制造更好的药物救治生病的人.另一些人担心这可能会带来一些不好的结果.如果对于遗传技术的使用不加以控制,人们将会面对更多的难题.

解答 46.D. 细节理解题,根据第一段首句On June 26,2000,two scientists,called Francis Collins and Craig Venter,told the world that they could now read the whole"map"of the human body:DNA 和最后一句DNA is the reason that we look like our mother and father,可知我们第一次知道我们为什么看起来像家庭里的其他人是在2000年,故选D.
47.C.词义猜测题.根据第二段andfound out that those small parts are real messages written in the DNA 描述,可知发现这些小东西真正携带的信息被用特殊的语言写在了 DNA 上.所以gene在这里的意思是Small parts of DNA.故选C.
48.D.细节理解题.根据第三段首句In 1961,Marshall Nirenberg and Johann Matthaei found a message in DNA showing how DNA tells the cell  to build its parts可知这两位科学家子啊1961年首次发现了DNA的信息,故选 D.
49.B.细节理解题.根据Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people.可知大多数人希望这将有助于制造更好的药物救治生病的人;故选B.
50.A.细节理解题.根据Most people hope that this will help make better medicine and help sick people.Other people worry that when people begin to know more words and find out lots of other information,we might use it in a wrong way,just to make people more attractive,or stop sick people from getting jobs.可知人们认为这项工作可能导致好结果,也可能导致坏结果,故选A.

点评 本文浅显易懂,各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据.只要认真阅读短文,注意前后联系,就能顺利完成阅读.文章所设试题主要考察细节查找,做题关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查小题和原文的异同.

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