6．The author believes that the causes of criminal behavior are 　　　　.

　　　　 A．primarily social　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B．simple and direct

　　　　 C．widely varied　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D．often religious

5．The title for this passage may be 　　　　.

　　　　 A．Do Not Make a Long Speech　　　　　　　　　　　　 B．How to Give a Good Speech

　　　　 C．How to prepare for a Speech　　　　　　　　　　　 D．Try to Enjoy a speech

B

Theories of crime try to explain two quite different sides of the crime problem: first, why certain forms of behavior are described by society as crimes and second, what the causes of criminal behavior are. Theories about what makes up of criminal behavior have varied widely. One traditional belief is that the criminal code stands for God’s law and is independent of the will of man. In contrast, there is the modern idea that the criminal law is simply the instrument by which the ruling class maintains its power.

There is also a wide variety of explanations for the cause of crime. There is the theory that assumes that an individual choose criminal conduct of his own free will and is therefore responsible for his actions. Other theories describe the criminal more or less as a helpless individual in the grasp of biological, psychological, or social forces beyond his reason or control. Modern studies of crime often depend heavily on statistics(统计). For example, burglaries are most associated with the poor areas of large cities.

But one thing is clear; it is that criminal behavior is connected with a great number of social, psychological, economic, political, legal, and moral factors. To search for the deciding factor of crime is a too simple action.

4．All of the following statements are TRUE except 　　　　.

　　　　 A．few people know how to make good speeches

　　　　 B．a lecturer does not need to organize his speech

　　　　 C．research is important in preparing a speech

　　　　 D．there are simple steps you can take to improve your speaking ability

3．The phrase “talk over their heads” means 　　　　.

　　　　 A．speak too loudly　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

B．look at the ceiling

　　　　 C．look down upon them　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

D．use words and ideas that are too difficult

2．Paragraph 2 implies that 　　　　.

　　　　 A．many people are afraid of giving a speech

　　　　 B．many people are happy to give a speech

　　　　 C．many people don’t prepare for a speech

　　　　 D．many people talk too long

1．The main idea of this article is　　　 .

　　　　 A．that you can improve your speaking ability

　　　　 B．that a poor speaker can never change

　　　　 C．to always make a short speech

　　　　 D．that it is hard to make a speech

20. What is the possible difficulty in carrying out the plan?

　 A. The lack of money for the project from the government.

　 B. Improving the relationship between Taiwan and the mainland.

　 C. The detailed plans for the tunnel.

19. Which of the following is NOT true?

　 A. Universities both at home and abroad have sponsored (赞助) the plan.

　 B. If the project is completed, the world's longest tunnel will appear.

　 C. You can't reach Taiwan from the mainland directly at present.

　 D. The starting point of the proposed tunnel is in Fujian.

18. The example of English Channel Tunnel shows _______.

　 A. it's not easy to complete a huge project

　 B. there are many problems to be solved before doing something

　 C. discussions among countries usually take a lot of time

　 D. the preparation takes longer time than the construction

17. Which is the longest tunnel in the world at present?

　 A. The English Channel Tunnel. 　　B. The tunnel between Lyon and Turin.

　 C. The Taiwan Straits tunnel.　　 D. The passage doesn't mention it.