(1)I think I can study English by watching English movies because I like watching English movies. 　 　我认为我可以通过英语电影来来学英语，因为我喜欢看电影。 (2)I don’t think I can get an English tutor because I want to learn by myself at home. 　　 我不想上英语辅导，因为我想在家自学 (3)I think surfing the internet is a bad way because you have to use a computer and　　 always waste your time. 　　　我认为沉溺于网络是不好的，因为你不得不去使用电脑和浪费你的时间 2.语法知识聚焦　

By是个很常用的介词(有时也用作副词)，在初中英语中的用法有以下几种：

(1)意为“在……旁”、“靠近”。如：有的在大树下唱歌跳舞，有的在湖边画画儿。 　　 Some are singing and dancing under a big tree . Some are drawing by the lake. (2)意为“不迟于”、“到……时为止”。如： 　 　Your son will be all right by supper time. 你的儿子在晚饭前会好的。 　　 How many English songs had you learned by the end of last term? 　 　到上个学期末你们已经学了多少首英语歌曲？ (3)表示方法、手段，可译作“靠”、“用”、“凭借”、“通过”、“乘坐”等。如： 　 The monkey was hanging from the tree by his tail and laughing.猴子用尾巴吊在树上哈哈大笑。 　The boy's father was so thankful that he taught Edison how to send messages by railway telegraph.　　

孩子的父亲是那么的感激，于是他教爱迪生怎样通过铁路电报来传达信息。 (4)表示“逐个”、“逐批”的意思。如： 　　 One by one they went past the table in the dark. 他们一个一个得在黑暗中经过这张桌子。 (5)表示“根据”、“按照”的意思。如： What time is it by your watch? 你的表几点了? (6)和take , hold等动词连用，说明接触身体的某一部分。如：

I took him by the hand. 我拉住了它的手。 (7)用于被动句中，表示行为主体，常译作“被”、“由”等。如： 　 English is spoken by many people. 英语被许多人所说。(即“许多人讲英语。”) (8)组成其它短语。 　1) by the way : 意为“顺便说”、“顺便问一下”，常做插入语。如： 　　 By the way , where’s Li Ping , do you know? 顺便问一下，李平在哪儿。你知道吗？ 　2) by oneself : 意为“单独”、“自行”。如：I can’t leave her by herself. 我不能把她单独留下。 　3) by and by : 意为“不久以后”、“不一会儿”。如： 　　 But by and by , more and more people began to study English. 　　 但是不久以后，越来越多的人开始学英语了。 3.动名词的构成 　动词后加动名词doing，相当于名词，在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语定语等。 　1)作主语　 Fighting broke out between the South and the North.　 南方与北方开战了。 　2)作宾语　 ( 请问你介意调小一点收音机的音量吗？) 　　 Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 　3)作表语　 (保姆的工作是洗衣服，作饭和照看孩子。) 　　 Babysister’s job is washing，cooking and taking care of the children。 三.练习： (一)Match the questions and answers

1. Have you ever worked with flashcards?　　　　 2. Do you ever ask the teacher for help in your

English class? 3. Do you like to work in a group?　　　　　 4. Does reading aloud help you?　　　　　　 5. Do you like to study grammar?　　　 　　 6. What helps you study for a test?　 　 a. No, grammar is too boring. 　 b. Yes, reading aloud helps my pronunciation. 　 c. Yes, but I didn’t like them. 　 d. Yes, the teacher is helpful. 　 e. I think watching English-language TV helps me

study. f. No, I don’t. Why would working in a group help?

(二)Close test 　Time spent in a bookshop can be enjoyable. If you go to a 　1　 　shop, no assistant (营业员) will come near to you and say, “Can I help you?” You 　2　 　buy anything　 you don’t want. You may try to find out　 　3　 　the book you want is . But if you fail,the assistant will lead (引导) you there and then he will go away. It seems that he is 　4　 selling any books at all. 　There is a story which tells us about a good shop. A medical (医学的) student 　5　 　a very useful book in the shop, 　6　 　it was too expensive for him to buy. He couldn’t get it from the library, either. So every afternoon, he went there to read 　7　 　at a time. One day, however (然而), he couldn’t find 　8　 　from its usual place and was leaving when he saw an assistant signing (示意) to him. To his surprise, the assistant pointed to the book　 　9　 , “I put it there so as not to be sold out.” Said the assistant. Then he 　10　 the student to go on with his reading.

1. A. good　　　　　 B. bad　 　　 　　C. cheap 　 　　D. expensive　　　　　　

2. A. shouldn’t 　　 B. needn’t　 　　　 　 C. mustn’t 　 　 D. can’t

3. A. what　　　　　 B. which　 　　 　 C. where　 　　 D. when 4. A. surprised at　 B. not surprised at 　 C. interested in　　 D. not interested in 5. A. bought　 　　B. found　 　　 　 C. read　 　　 D. took 6. A. but　 　　 　B. and　 　　 　　 C. so　 　　　 D. or 7. A. little　 　　 B. a little　 　 　　 C. few　 　　 　D. a few 8. A. the book　 　B. the shop　 　 　 C. the assistant　 D. the shopkeeper

9. A. in a bookshop　B. in his hand　 　　　 C. in a corner　 　D. in his pocket

10.A. left　 　　　 B. let　 　　 　 　 C. helped　 　　 D. taught

1. frustrating 　　　 a. 令人沮丧的 2. memorize 　　　 v. 记忆，背诵 3. pronunciation　　 n. 发音 4. flashcard 　 　　 　　n.认卡 5. solution 　　　 n. 解决办法 6. not at all 　　根本(不)　 全然(不) 7. end up 　　　结束，告…终 8. laugh at sb. 　　笑话；取笑(某人) 9. take notes 　　 做笔记，做记录 10.enjoy doing sth.　 喜欢做…乐意做…

10.(　 ) “I did quite well in the exam this time.”

“________.”

A. Congratulations　　　 　B. I don’t know　　　　 C. So did I　　　　　　 D. So I did

9.(　 )We regard him ____ the best teacher in our school.

A. for　　　　 　　　　　B. as　　　　 　　　　　C. like　　 　　　　　　D. into

8.(　 )What ____ you _____ the matter?

A. did ; deal with　　　 B. did ; do with　　　　 C. did ; solve　　　 　　D. did ; work out

7.(　 )The girl enjoys singing instead of ____.

A. draws　　 　　　　　B. draw　　 　　　　　C. drawing 　　　　　　D. to draw

6.(　 ) How many English words ____ you ____ in the last two years?

A. do ; learn　　　　　 B. did ; learn　 　　　　C. have ; learn　　　　 　D. have ; learned

5.(　 ) “Will you be able to come to my party?”

　　　 “I _______.”

A. believe yes　　　　　 B. am afraid not 　　　C. don’t hope so 　　　　D. don’t expect