7. salty adj. 咸的 salt n. 盐
6. all day 整天
5. 给某人某样东西
give sth. to sb. 如:I gave a pen to him. 我给他一支笔。
give sb. sth. I gave him a pen. 我给他一支笔。
4. be used for doing用来做…(是被动语态) 如:
Pens are used for writing. 笔是用来写的。
Pens aren’t used for eating. 笔不是用来吃的。
3. invent v. 发明 inventor n. 发明家 invention n. 发明 可数名词
2. 本单元要掌握的句型 见课本P69 中的Grammar Focus
1. 被动语态
(1). 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作承受者。
(2). 被动语态基本结构:be+及物动词的过去分词
(如果是不用物动词,其过去分词应带有相应的介词)
(3). 被动语态中的be 是助动词,有人称、数和时态的变化。
一般现在时被动语态为:am/is/are+过去分词
一般过去时被动语态为:was/were+ 过去分词
与情态动词连用的被动语态:情态动词+ be + 过去分词
(4). 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词by的宾语,放在句
末,by 表示“由,被”的意思
如何理解被动语态?
为取胜更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义,可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较。
主动语态: 主语+ 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 其他成分
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被动语态: 主语 + be +过去分词 + by +宾语 +其他成分
如: Many people speak English.
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被动语态 English is spoken by many people.
15.Today one in four people, or a quarter of the world's population uses English, …
当今四个人中得有一个人,或者说世界上四分之一
14.Are there any English words than Chinese people use when they speak to each other?
有中国人互相交谈时用的英语单词吗?
辨析:speak, talk, say, tell
(1)这四个词都有“说”的意思。
(2)speak一般指“说某种语言”,即其后的宾语只能是表示语言的词。例如:
Can you speak French?
你会讲法语吗?
What language do they speak?
他们讲哪种语言?
(3)talk一般指“谈论”,本身为不及物动词,可以用于词组talk about sth with sb.
“与某人谈论某事”,也可用于talk to sb.“跟某人说话”。例如:
What are you talking about?
你们在讨论什么?
Who were you talking with just now?
你刚才在跟谁说话?
I want to talk about English study with you.
我想跟你讨论一下英语学习的事。
(4)say为及物动词“说”,其后一般须指出说的内容。例如:
What did you say?
你说什么?
It says”NO Parking”.上面写着“不许停车”。
She'd like to say goodbye to us.
她想来跟我们道别。
(5)tell“告诉”,为及物动词,其后须跟双宾语,即用于tell sth.to sb.或tell sb.sth.“告诉某人某事”。例如:
Can you tell me a story?
你能给我讲个故事吗?
Who told you the news?
谁告诉你这个消息的?
13.She was thrilled, because she really wanted to get married.
她震惊了,因为她的确想结婚。
(1)thrill为动词“震颤,使激动”,多用于被动语态be thrilled,表示“很感动,受到震颤的”。例如:
We were thrilled with joy.
我们高兴极了。
She thrilled at the good news.
她听到那个好消息很兴奋。
(2)want在此为动词“想,想要”,其后可跟名词、代词或动词不定式to do。例如:
Do you want an ice-cream?
你想要个冰激凌吗?
I want some bread and milk.
我想要些面包和牛奶。
Tom wants to learn to play Chinese chess.
汤姆想学下中国象棋。
Does Lucy wants to learn to dance?
露茜想学跳舞吗?
(3)marry为动词“嫁,娶,结婚”。表示“嫁给某人”或“娶了某人”都可以用marry sb。
另外,词组get married 意为“结婚”,但这是一个非延续性动词,即它不能跟表示一段时间的词连用。be married 也可以用来表示“结婚”,它是一个延续性词组,可以与表示一段时间的词连用。例如:
John is going to marry Jane
约翰要和简结婚了。
Henry didn't marry until he was over fifty.
亨利直到过了50岁才结婚。
When are you going to get married?
你准备什么时候结婚?
We have been married for ten years.
我们已经结婚十年了。
His uncle will get married next month.
他叔叔下个月结婚。
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