1.动词不定式一般式表示的动作可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生,也可能在其之后发生。例如: saw the young man enter the house.(同时发生)
I hope to go there next time.(之后发生)
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例1 |
________ is one thing, ________ is quite another. |
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A. |
To say, to do |
B. |
Say, do |
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C. |
Said, did |
D. |
To say, do |
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答案: |
A |
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提示: |
用动词不定式作主语。 |
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例2 |
I’ll try ________ the same mistakes again. |
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A. |
to not make |
B. |
not make |
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C. |
not to make |
D. |
not making |
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答案: |
C |
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提示: |
动词不定式的否定形式为not to + 动词原形 “try not to do sth.”意思为“尽力不做某事”。 |
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例3 |
It’s too hard ________ it by himself. |
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A. |
not to do |
B. |
to do |
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C. |
that I do |
D. |
doing |
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答案: |
B |
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提示: |
“too … to”是太 …… 而不能的意思。 |
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例4 |
I have nothing ___________ (send) you. |
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答案: |
to send |
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提示: |
不定式短语to send you在这里做定语修饰nothing |
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例5 |
They were made ___________ (work) ten hours a day. |
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答案: |
to work |
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提示: |
在主动语态中make要跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态中make后的不定式须带to |
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例6 |
No one knows what ___________ (do) next. |
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答案: |
to do |
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提示: |
动词不定式和疑问词连用,构成动词不定式短语,在句中作宾语。 |
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5. 完成的被动式to have been done
例如:The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.
第二节 实战演练
4. 被动式to be done
例如:The work is to be done soon.
3. 完成式to have done
例如:He seemed to have cleaned the room.
2. 进行式to be doing
例如:He seems to be reading something at that time.
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,有不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种:
1. 一般式to do
例如:I like to read English.
4.动词不定式与疑问词连用
疑问词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以按动词不定式,构成动词不定式短语,可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
例如:(1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.
(不定式作宾语)
(2) How to use the machine is a question.
(不定式作主语)
(3) The question is when to go there.
(不定式作表语)
3.动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定形式not + to + 动词原形构成
例如: He asked me not to make such a mistake.
6. 作状语
He stopped to have a look.
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