(1) 由连接词that引导的宾语从句,that不在从句中担任任何成分。
(2) 主句和从句要保持时态上的一致性,从句还要保持陈述句语序。
(3) 当从句是由选择问句转化而成时,一定要用whether构成whether...or结构。
第三节 巩固练习
Ⅰ.用动词的适当形式填空。
1. I think he ________ (come) back soon.
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例1 |
I don’t know ________ he will come or not. |
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A. |
how |
B. |
whether |
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C. |
weather |
D. |
when |
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答案: |
B |
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提示: |
在宾语从句中出现了or not,这里只能用whether。 第二题答案为B,根据题意问他们何时回来,所以要用when。 |
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例2 |
Can you tell me ________they will come back? |
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A. |
where |
B. |
when |
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C. |
which |
D. |
who |
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答案: |
B |
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提示: |
根据题意问他们何时回来,所以要用when。 |
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例3 |
Have you seen the doctor? He asked me. (两句并一句) |
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答案: |
He asked me if / whether I had seen a doctor |
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提示: |
是一般疑问句,连接词应为if / whether |
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例4 |
How can we get to the science museum? Could you tell us?(两句并一句) |
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答案: |
Could you tell me how we can get to the science museum? |
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提示: |
特殊疑问句,连接词就是它本身的特殊疑问词how,将情态动词can放在主语me之后,时态运用取决于主句。主句could you tell
me是委婉语气,是一般现在时,所以从句是什么时态就用什么时态。 |
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3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,自然现象,科学原理,谚语格言或经常性习惯动作。其时态用一般现在时。
例如:He said the sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.
Father told me Sunday is the first day of a week.
第二节 实战演练
2.宾语从句的时态如果主句是一般现在时,从句可以根据需要自选一种时态。如果主句的时态是一般过去时,从句只能用相应的过去时态的各种时态。即一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。
1. 宾语从句的语序应该是陈述句的语序“主语+谓语+宾语”。
例如:I didn’t know when they would come.
3. 由if或whether引导,说明该从句是一个一般疑问句。在句中的实际意思是“是否”。
例如:He asked me if / whether I was a doctor.
We wondered if / whether we should have a test tomorrow.
2. 连接代词或连接副词引导,说明该从句是一个特殊问句,并且这些连接代词或副词还要在句中充当某个成分。
例如:Could you told me how I can get to the station?
I don’t know what they are talking about.
1. that引导,说明该从句是一个陈述句。that只有语法上的作用,没有实际意义,that在口语中往往省略。
例如:I believe (that) he will come in two days.
I didn’t know (that) he had finished the work.
IV.把括号内汉语译成英语。(词数不限)
13. a ________ of pipe 14. a _______ of toothpaste
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