1. China has too large a population. I ____ it very

　 necessary to carry out the family-planning policy.

1. support v. bear the weight of; agree with an idea,

　 group, or person; to help to show that something is

　 true; look after someone by paying for their food,

　 clothes, etc.: 支撑；支持；供养

　 Do you think those book shelves can support so many

　 books?

　 你认为那些书架能放这么多书吗?

　 There is not enough evidence to support his statement.

　 没有足够的证据来证实你的论述。

　 n. agreement with an idea, group, or person; help or

　 encouragement: 支持；鼓励

　 Is there much public support for the law?

　 这项法律的出台得到公众的大力支持吗?

　 The Smiths did all they could to give their children

　 emotional support.

　 史密斯尽力给他们的孩子们以情感上的慰藉。

[考点12]suppose 的用法

▲句型：

① suppose (that)... 认为／猜想……

② suppose sb / sth to be + n. / adj. / num.　 / prep.

　 phrase 认为某人／某物……

③ (Let us)Suppose (= Supposing) (that) clause 假设

　 ……；假定……；倘若……

④ I suppose so. / I suppose not. 我认为会的／我认为不

　 会的。

⑤ be supposed to do sth 被认为是……；理应干某事。

　 应该十某事(一should do sth)

⑥ be not supposed to do sth = be not allowed to do sth

　 “不允许干某事”，表示委婉的禁止。

⑦ is / are supposed to have done sth = was / were sup-

　 posed to do sth = should have done sth 或 ought to

　 have done sth 本该干了某事(而事实上并未千)

⑧ Wh- do you suppose (=think) + 陈述句语序?

⑨ I don't suppose that... (否定转移)

[考例12](1997上海)

-- I haven't heard from Henry for a long time．

-- What do you suppose ____ to him?

　　 A. was happening　　 B. to happen

　　 C. has happened　　 D. had happened

[考查目标] 考查双重疑问句的句型结构。

[答案与解析]C “Wh- do you suppose (=think) + 陈

述句语序?”由此可以排除B项。根据时态在语境中的

特点，可以知道强调对现在的影响，而不是当时正在进

行的动作。

[考点8]think的用法

▲构词：

① thinker n. 思想家；思考者

② thought n. 思考；思想；想法，念头

③ thinking adj. 思想的 n. 思索；思想；见解；想法

▲搭配：

① think about 考虑(是否去做)；想……

② think of 想起；想出

③ think out 深思，想出(办法)

④ think aloud 想出声来，自言自语，边想边说

⑤ think of...as... 认为……是……；把……看作／当作

⑥ think sth over = think over sth 仔细(反复地)考虑；

　 三思

⑦ think well / highly / much / a great deal / a lot / of

　 …对……看法好／评价高

⑧ think little / poorly / nothing / badly /ill of... 对

……看法不好／评价差

⑨ think nothing / little of 轻视；忽视

⑩ think hard 深思(熟虑)；好好想一想

⑩ think up (a good idea)(美国英语) = think out (a

　 good idea)(英国英语)想出来；构想．设计

⑥ think twice 再思考

▲句型：

① think of / about doing sth 考虑干某事

② think ot how / when / where / whether / what to do

　 ／从句考虑如何(何时、在哪里、是否)干某事，考虑干

　 何事

③ think it + adj. / n. (for sb) to do sth

④ think it + adj./ n. + that clause 认为干某事怎么样

⑤ think... (to be) + n. / adj. 认为……是……；把……

　 看作／当作……

⑥ think that 从句

⑦ wh- (+n) do you think + 正常语序= wh- + 疑问句

　 语序号 + in your opinion?

⑧ I think so. (表示赞同某一观点)我也这样认为；I

　 don't think so. (更常见) = I think not. 我不这样认

　 为。

⑨ I don't think (that)... (否定转移)我认为……不

附加疑问句用肯定形式且与从句的主语和谓语动词形

式保持一致。

⑩ What do you think of / about sth? 征询对方对某件

　 事情的具体看法

⑩ I (had) thought (that)... 我原以为……

⑩ I never thought / dreamt (that)...我从未想到……；

　 我做梦也没想到……=It never occurred / It didn't

　 Occur to me that...我没有想到……

⑩ Let me think. = Let me see. 让我想一想

⑩ I (you) think (作插入语)

⑩ It is thought that...人们认为……

⑩ Think nothing of it. 哪儿的话；不用谢 (=You're wel-

　 come.)(致谢应答)

▲辨析：consider；regard；think

三词均意为“认为，把……看成”。但consider使用广泛，

有时表示经过思考或根据经验得出的结论，其宾语补

足语前的as常常省略。regard“认为，把……看成”，其

宾语补足语前的as不能省略，表示根据外表所做出的

结论．有时表示只是个人的或一种偏袒的意见。think

意为“把……看作”时，必须在宾补前加of。例如：

Money is often considered(as／to be)the most impor-

tant thing in our life．but in fact there are many other

things more important．钱在我们的生活中经常被认为

是最重要的，但事实上还有许多其他东西比钱更重要。

Most tourists regard this place as a fine scenic spot.大

多数旅游者都把这个地方看作风景胜地。

Many,foreigners think of the Great Wall as the World's

Seventh Wonder. 许多外国人把长城看作世界第七大奇

迹。

[考例8](1990上海) I don't think you have heard him

before, ____?

　　 A. have you　　 B. haven't you

　　 C. do I　　 D. don't I

[考查目标] 考查反意疑问句。

[答案与解析]A　 以I don't think / believe / suppose

引导的宾语从句，其反意疑问句附加部分应该和宾语

从句部分的谓语动词一致。

[考点10]well的用法

▲ 搭配：

① do well in 在某方面千得出色

② feel well 感觉好

③ as well as 也；还；而且

④ go well with... 和……(很)相配

⑤ get on / along well with…与……相处(进展)得很好

⑥ speak well of 赞扬

⑦ be well known to sb. 为某人所熟知

⑧ as well 也；又；同样地

▲句型：

① be / feel / get well (病)在好转

② do well in (doing) sth 在(干)……方面做得好

近义词组：he good at(doing)sth／work hard at sth

③ Well done! 干得好!

④ may / might as well do sth 还是做某事好；不如做某

　 事；不妨

⑤ do well to do sth 最好……；还是……为好：had

　 better do sth = may / might as well do sth

⑥ as well as 像……一样好；既……也(又)；除……外；

　 不仅……而且……(连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前

　 面的一致)

▲辨析：also；as well；as well as；either,too

该组词都有“也”的意思，但also用于肯定句，既可表示

两人千了同样的事，也可表示一个人十了两件事，通常

位于be动词、第一个助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词

之前。as well在口语中用得很多，用法和too完全一

样，可以互换，通常用于句末。as well as是并列连词，

意为“不仅……，而且……”。“既……，又……”。either

用于否定句．而且只能放在句末。too也用于肯定句，

比also更通俗，和also，as well可以相互替换，可放在

句中，也可放在句末。例如：

I was at her birthday party, and he was also there. 我参

加了她的生日聚会，而他也参加了。

Thomas Hardy is a novelist，and a poet as well. 托马斯

·哈代是一位小说家，也是一位诗人。

He gave me help as well as advice. 她给了我帮助，还向

我提了建议。

I can't swim．and he can't, either. 我不会游泳．他也不

会。

Kate's parents have been to Shanghai. Kate has been

there, too. = Kate's parents have been to Shanghai.

Kate has also been there. 凯特的父母曾去过上海。凯特

也去过那里。

[考例lO](2003北京春招)

-- You don't look very ____. Are you ill?

-- No, I'm just a bit tired.

　　 A. good　　 B. well

　　 C. st tong　　 D. healthy

[考查目标]形容词的辨析与运用。

[答案与解析]B　 表示身体状况好应该使用形容词

well，与ill对应。

[牛刀小试1]

用所给单词的适当形式填空：

(think, suppose, attention, well, matter, announce,

help, reach)

6. rely: depend 依靠；依赖；信赖；指望。

　 You can't rely on his assistance.

　 你不能依靠他的帮助。

　 You may rely on me to help you.

　 你可以依靠我来帮助你。

　 They had relied On French help which did not arrive.

　 他们依靠法国的援助，但还没有到。

[考点1l]send 的用法

▲搭配：

① send away 撵走；送走；赶走；开除；解雇

② send out 发出；派遣

③ send up 发射；把……送上去

④ send for 派人去请，去取

⑤ send off 送行；送别

⑥ send in 交上去

▲句型：

① send sh sth = send sth to sb 送某人某物

② send sb. to do sth = send sth to be done 送／叫／使／派

　 某人干某事

③ send sb + prep. / adv. 送／叫／使某人……

④ send sb / sth + doing 使……

⑤ send one's best wishes / love / greetings 代……问好

[考例11](NMET 1991)

-- Will someone go and get Dr．White?

-- He's already been ____.

　　 A. asked for　　 B. sent for

　　 C. called for　　 D. looked for

[考查目标] 考查动词短语的辨析与运用能力。

[答案与解析]B　 ask for sb 表示“要求见某人”；call

for sb 表示“打电话给某人”；look for sb. 表示“寻找某

人”；而send for sb 表示“派人去请某人”。根据上下文

的意思只有B项符合。

4. perfect: without fault; excellent 完美的；理想的；绝对

　 的。

　 None of us are perfect.

　 人无完人。

　 Her examination paper was perfect except for one

　 spelling mistake.

　除了一处拼写错误外，她的试卷很理想。

　 He invented a new and perfect method.

　 他发明了一种新的并且极好的方法。

　 She made a perfect copY of the picture.

　 她完美地复制了这幅画。

[考点15]reach的用法

▲ 搭配：

① within one's reaeh 够得着

② out of one's reach = beyond one's reach 够不着

③ reach (out) for... 伸手够／拿／取……

④ reach an agreement / a decision 达成协议／做出决定

⑤ put / keep...out of one's reach 把某物放在某人够不

　 到的地方

▲辨析：arrive at；arrive in；get to；reach

该组词均表达“到达”之意，但arrive是不及物动词，常

与at连用，表示到达较小的地方或旅程中的途经地点，

如：车站、码头、小镇、村庄等。与in连用，表示到达较

大的地方．如国家、大城市等。get to表示“抵达，到达”

之意时，多用于口语，可以代替reach或arrive。reach

是及物动词，后接名词表示到达某一地方或达到某一

程度；有时指经过一个缓慢的过程到达终点。例如：

Shall we start now, or shall we wait for the others to

arrive? 我们现在就开始，还是等其他人都来齐了?

We got to Paris at 8 o'clock. 我们八点钟到达巴黎。

When did you get here? 你是什么时候到这儿的?

After several changes of plane，we finally reached Lon-

don on Tuesday morning. 换了几次飞机后，我们终于在

星期二早晨抵达伦敦。

[考例15](2004湖北) Don't leave matches or cigarettes

on the table within ____ of little children.

　　 A. hand　　 B. reach

　　 C. space　　 D. distance

[考查目标] 考查固定短语搭配与运用。

[答案与解析]B　 within one's reach表示“够得着”，与

全句的意思一致。

7. failure: failing person, attempt, or thing that fails 失

　 败；失败的人(事)

　 His plans ended in failure.

　 他的计划以失败而告终。

　 Martin was not deeply affected by his failure.

　 马丁没有因为他的失败而受到很大的影响。

　 You learn through failures.

　 你通过失败而学习。

[考点14]find的用法

▲构词：

① finder n. [C] 拾者

② finding n. [C] 发现

▲搭配：find out搞清，查明；发现；了解；打听、弄明白

事实真相

▲句型：

① find sb sth = find sth for sb 给某人找某物

② find (that) clause 认为；发现；觉得

⑧find + 宾语 + 宾补 (名词、形容词、副词、介词短语充

　 当) 认为，发现

④ find + 宾语 + 宾补 (现在分词充当) 认为，发现

⑤ find + 宾语 + 宾补 (过去分词充当)认为，发现

⑥ find it adj. / n. to do sth (该句型中动词带宾语)若

　 对adj.提问，用句型How do you find it to d0 sth?

⑦ find sth adj./ n. to do (该句型中动词不带宾语)

Once you have interest in English, you'll find it not that

difficult to learn. = Once you have interest in English,

you'll find it easy to learn it well. 一旦你对英语有了兴

趣，你将发现它不难学。

③ How do you find sth? = What do you think of /

　 about sth? 你觉得……怎么样?

▲友情提示：请注意以下句型之间的相互转换：

① "find it adj./ n. to do sth" 与 "find + 宾语从句" 和

　 "find sth adj. / n. to do" 之间的相互转换：

　 l find it difficult to master a foreign language within a

　 few months. = I find (that) it is difficult to master a

　 foreign language within a few months. = I find a for-

　 eign language difficult to master within a few

　 months. = I find (that) a foreign language is difficult

　 to master within a few months. 我发现几个月内精

　 通一门外语是很难的。

② find sth adj./ n. to do 与 find it adj. / n. to do sth

　 之间的相互转换：

　 My grammar is improving, but l find idioms and use-

　 ful expressions hard to learn. = My grammar is im-

　 proving, but I find it hard to learn idioms and useful

　 expressions. 我的语法进步了．但我发觉习语和惯用

　 法难学。

③ "find + 宾语 + 宾补" 与 "find+宾语从句" 之间的相互

　 转换：

　 He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned

　 down. = He was disappointed to find that his sug-

　 gestions had been turned down. 发现自己的建议被拒

　 绝了，他很失望。

▲辨析：discover；find；find out；invent；look for；

search；seek；make sure (见第十二讲重点单词考点2)

[考例14](NMET 2003)A cook will be immediately

fired if he is found ____ in the kitchen.

　　 A. smoke　　 B. smoking

　　 C. to smoke　　 D. smoked

[考查目标] 考查非谓语动词的实际运用。

[答案与解析]B　 find sb doing sth 表示“发现某人正

在做某事”，与本句的内容一致。

[考点9]help 的用法

▲ 构词:

① helpful adj. 有帮助的；有用的；有益的

② helpless adj. 无援助的；不能自助的

▲ 搭配：

① go / turn / refer to sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助

② with one's help = with the help of 在……的帮助下

③ help oneself to 自行取用；偷；随便吃……．

④ help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难

⑤ help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事

⑥ (be) of great / much / some / any / no / little help

　 to sb. / sth = (be) helpful to sb. / sth 对……有／无帮

　 助

⑦ ask / call sb. for help 请求某人帮助／帮忙

⑧ call / cry for help 请求帮助；哭喊救命

⑨ get help from sb. = get one's help 得到某人的帮助

⑩ without one's help 没得到某人的帮助

⑩ come to one's help 来帮某人

▲句型：

① help (sb) with sth 帮助(某人)做某事

② help (sb) (to) do sth 帮助(某人)做某事；有助于某

　 人干某事

③ can't help doing sth 禁不住干……

④ can't help but do sth 不得不干……

⑤ help(to)do sth 有助于千……；帮助干……；协助干

⑥ can't help (to) do sth 不能帮忙干……

⑦ It doesn't / won't help. 那无用。

⑧ a good / great help to sb / in doing sth / sth = help

　 sb a lot = do sb a great service 对……有／无帮助

⑨ Can I be of any help to you? = (Is there) Anything I

　 can do for you?要我帮忙吗? = Can I help you? =

　 What can I do for you?

[考例9](2004浙江)1f you are feeling so tired, per-

haps a little sleep would

　　 A. act　　　　　　　　　 B. help

　　 C. serve　　 D. last

[考查目标] 考查动词的运用。

[答案与解析]B　 act和serve在此意思不合，而last一

般要接一个时间。help在这里表示“起作用、生效”。

[考例13](2005上海春招)Do you have any ____

of what life would be like if we lived on other planets?

　　 A. plan　　 B. idea

　　 C. impression　　 D. imagination

[考查目标] 名词的辨析。

[答案与解析]B　 根据全句的意思“如果我们生活在其

他星球上我们的生命将是怎样。你有什么想法吗?”，而

非“计划，印象或想像”。

[考点7]improve 的用法

▲构词：improvement n. 提高，改进；改良；增进

▲搭配：

① improve in sth 在某方面好转

② improve on 对……作出改进；比……有了改进

③ improve oneself in sth 在某方面有进步

④ make an improvement in 在某方面作改进

▲句型：

① There be an improvement in... 在某方面有进步／好

　 转

② There is still room for improvement. 仍有改进的余地

[考例7](1989上海)Our living conditions can only be

____ step by step．

　　 A. improved　　 B. built

　　 C. corrected　　 D. turned

[考查目标] 考查动词在特定语境中的运用。

[答案与解析]A 全句的意思为：我们的生活状况只能

一步一步的改进／提高。

[考点1]likely的用法

▲句型：

① be likely to do sth 可能

② It's likely that / (for sb) to do sth... 可能

▲辨析：likely；maybe; perhaps；possibly；probably

该组副词都可表示“可能地”。但美国人多用maybe，英

国人多用perhaps，表示“也许”，多用于口语。probably

意为“很可能地、大概地”，等于likely。但likely比

probably语气强，而且likely还可以作形容词，用于be

likely to do和be likely that clause句型中，而probably

则不行。possibly等于perhaps。例如：

It's quite likely that a decision wilt be made before the

end of the year. 很可能在年底前作出决定。

Maybe it was useful for some people. 也许那对一些人

有益。

Perhaps we'll pay a visit to Nanjing next week. 下周我

们可能去南京参观。

He will possibly agree with what I said. 他可能会同意

我的观点。

You can't possibly walk 20 miles in an hour. 你一小时

无论如何也走不了20英里。

They are probably at home now. 们现在很可能在家。

[考例1]It's quite ____ that a decision will be made

before the end of the year.

　　 A. possibly　　 B. probably

　　 C. likely　　 D. maybe

[考查目标] 考查一组形容词与副词的搭配与辨析。

[答案与解析]C　 A、B、D三项都是副词，不能用于It's

+ adj. + that-clause中。

[考点5]matter的用法

[考例5](1996上海)The thing that ____ is not

whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.

　　 A. matters　　 B. cares

　　 C. considers　　 D. minds

[考查目标] 考查动词的辨析与搭配。

[答案与解析]A　 matter为vi.，主语是the thing。B、

C、D三项都是vt. 在此都没有宾语。

2. daily adj. & adv. happening or produced every day or

　 once a day: 每天的(地)

　 The shop is open daily from 8: 00 a. m. to 6:00 p. m..

　 这家店铺每天开放时间是上午8点到下午6点。

　 This is connected with our daily life.

　 这与我们的日常生活息息相关。

　 n.　 a newspaper that is published every day except

　 Sunday: 日报

　 No mention of the explosion was printed in any of

　 Sunday's daily.

　 星期天的日报都没有报导那次爆炸。

5. arrange: put in order 安排；筹划；整理；布置。

　 She's good at arranging flowers.

　 她擅长插花。

　 I arrangedthe books on the shelves.

　 我把书摆在书架上。

　 Before going away, he arranged his business affairs.

　 他在离开之前，把事情安排妥当了。

　 I've arranged for a car to meet them at the station.

　 我已经安排了一辆车去车站接他们。

[考点6]attention 的用法

▲构词：

① attentive adj. 注意的

② attentively adv. 注意地；聚精会神地

▲搭配：

① pay / give / bring much / more / special / close / lit-

　 tle / no attention to sth (非常／特别／一点都不)留心；

　 关心；关注

② give / turn one's / much　 / more attention (=mind)

　 to sth (主语和one's指同一人)注意(到)

③ fix one's attention on / upon sth (主语和one's指同

　 一人)专心于……某人把注意力集中在……上

④ with attention = attentively 注意地、专注地、聚精会

　 神地

▲句型：

① sb call / draw / attract / win one's attention to sth =

　 sb bring sth to one's attention = sb bring one's atten-

　 tion to sth (主语和one's不指同一人)使／叫某人注意

　 某事；引起某人对某事的注意；吸引某人对……的注

　 意力

② sth draw / attract / catch / absorb / engage one's at-

　 tention (to...) ……吸引了某人的注意力; …… 引起

　 某人对某事的注意／关注; …… 很受某人欢迎

③ sb hold one's attention 使某人集中注意力才(主语

　 和one's不指同一人)；吸引某人(注意力)

④ Attention, please. = May l have your attention,

　 please? 请注意!(主要用于口头通知)

⑤ Attention! = Stand at attention! 立正!(口令用语)

⑥ be all attention 十分专心

[考例6]Enough ____ should be paid to the impor-

tant conference.

　　 A. attend　　 B. attendance

　　 C. attention　　 D. attending

[考查目标] 考查名词attention在动词短语中的搭配。

[答案与解析]C pay enough (more, little, much,

etc.) attention to sth 为固定短语搭配。

11. apply v. ask officially for something，often by writing；

　 put 0r bring into use；(cause to) have an effect；be

　 directly related申请；应用；(使)产生作用；有关系

　 I will apply for a joy tomorrow.

　 明天我要去申请一项工作。

　 This law only applies tomarried people.

　 这项法律只适应于已婚者。

[考点2]arrange的用法

▲ 构词：arrangement n. 安排；筹备；准备

▲ 搭配：

① arrange for 安排

② arrange with 与……约定

③ have an arrangement with sb 和某人协商

④ make some arrangements 做些安排

▲句型：

① arrange to do sth 安排／约定／准备做某事

② arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人干某事

③ arrange that... 商定……；安排……

④ arrange sb for sth 为……安排……

⑤ It was / has been arranged that... 已安排好……

[考例2]It has been ____ the meeting will be held

tonight in the hall.

　　 A. said which　　 B. decided what

　　 C. arranged that　　 D. announced

[考查目标]考查主语从句中的动词的选择与运用。

[答案与解析]C　 It is / has been + that-clause是主语

从句的固定句型，其中that不担任成分，一般也不省

略。

8. aim n. the purpose of doing something, and what you

　 hope to achieve: 目标，目的

　 Living without an aim is like sailing without a

　 compass.

　 生活没有目标，犹如航行没有罗盘。

　 The aim of the project is to help the poor.

　 这个项目的目的是帮助穷人。

　 take aim: point a weapon towards someone or

　 something 对准，瞄准

　 The policeman took careful aim at the murderer and

　 fired.

　 警察小心翼翼地瞄准谋杀者，然后开了枪。

　 v. point or direct (a weapon, shot, remark, etc.)

　 towards somebody or something; direct one's efforts or

　 intend to 瞄准；目的在于

　 I aim to be a writer when I grow up.

　 我立志长大了要当一名作家。

[考点3]announce 的用法

▲ 构词：announcement n. 公布，(口头)通知

▲ 搭配：

① announce meeting 通知开会

② make an announcement 通知

▲ 句型：

① announce sth to sb = announce to sb sth 向某人宣布

　 某事

② announce (to sb) that... (向某人)宣布……

③ It is announced that... 据宣布／据通知……

▲辨析：announce；declare

两词均意为“宣布”，但announce意为“宣告，宣布，通

知”，指官方或公众的言论，内容可以是权威性的或知

识性的。不跟双宾语。declare意为“宣布，声明”，指明

确、有力的断言，公开宣布某事。其后不跟不定式和双

宾语，可跟名词、代词、从句或复合结构。例如：

Everyone was silent as he announced the result．他宣布

结果时，大家都很安静。

The US declared war on England in 1812．1812年美国

向英国宣战。

[考例3]Fifty years ago, Chairman Mao ____ the

founding of the People's Republic of China.

　　 A. announced　　 B. said

　　 C. commented　　 D. declared

[考查目标] 考查动词在实际语境中的运用。

[答案与解析]D　 结合上下文的意思可以知道，“50年

前，毛主席宣布了中华人民共和国的成立”。

3. achieve v. succeed in doing something good, usually by

　 working hard 取得，实现

　 He has achieved all its goals.

　 他已经实现了所有的奋斗目标。

　 Never say die. You will achieve what you need.

　 绝不能言弃。你会取得预期的目的的。