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  1.在句型“h is/was+过去分词+that从句”中,当过去分词为“suggested,ordered,desired,insisted, required,demanded,requested,decided,

proposed,urged’’等时,从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。例如:

  h is desired that everyone(should)get erything ready bY toniShL要求每一个人在今晚之前要将一切准备好。

  It is requested that Miss Zhang(should) give a performance at the party.请求张小姐在晚会上表演一个节目。

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  4.在would rather之后的宾语从句中,其动词用虚拟语气,表示句子的主语(某人)宁愿让另一人做某事。

  ①用动词过去式表示现在或将来要做的事。例如:

  I’d rather you went home now.我宁愿让你现在就回家。

  Don’t come tomorrow.I’d rather you came nextweekend.明天别来,我宁愿你下个周末来。

  一Shall l open a window?我开窗行吗? 一I’d rather you didn’t.你最好别开。

  ②用动词的过去完成式表示过去的动作。

  例如:

  I’d rather you hadn’t done that.我真希望(宁愿)你没做过那件事。

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  3.在prefer之后的宾语从句中用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。例如:

  We prefer that the plan(should)be fully discussed before being put into execution.我们希望在计划实施之前进行认真的讨论。

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  2.当主句动词为wish,表示“但愿……”,“要是……该多好叼”之意时,其后的宾语从句有以下三种虚拟语气形式。

  ①动词用过去式来说明与现在的事实相反(BE动词常用were,但有时也可用was)。例如:

  1 wish 1 were/Was as strong as you.我要是像你一样强壮就好了。

  1 wish l remembered his address.我要是记住他的地址就好了。

  有时;为了强调现在状态下能发生某种情况或进行某项动作,从句中的动词也可用过去进行式。例如:

  1 wish it wasn’t raining.要是天不下雨就好了。

  ②动词用过去完成式说明与过去的事实相反。例如:

  We wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation.我们以前要是能更注意我们的发音就好了。

  He wished he had stayed at home。他但愿他呆在了家里。

  ③情态动词“would,could,might”等后接动词原形,表示对将来的希望(通常不用should)。例如:

  1 wish he would try again.我希望他再试一下。

  We wish he could come.我们希望他能来。

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  1.当主句的谓语动词为“suggest,propose,advise,insist,order,demand,require,request, desire’’等表示“建议”、“命令”、“请求”和“要求”的动词时,其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”(在美国英语中 should省略)。例如:

  I suggest that we(should)hold a meeting tonight.我建议我们今晚开个会。

  We advise that steps(should)be taken at once.我们建议要立刻采取措施。

  They insisted that he(should)begin the work at once.他们坚持让他立刻开始工作。

  He ordered that aU(should)take part in the work.他下令所有的人都要参加这项工作。

  另外,当主句动词为“ask,move,urse”等意为 “要求”、 “提议”和“极力主张”时,其宾语从句也常用虚拟语气。例如:

  He asked that he be given an opportunity to try.他要求给他一个尝试的机会。

  I move that the money be used for books. 我提议把这笔钱用于买书。

  They urged that we take action on this matter immediately.他们极力主张我们对这件事立即采取行动。

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  5. 另外,在“开放式条件句”(open conditional clause)和让步状语从句中should是被省略了的。在这种情况下,如果if省略,动词be与主语的位置要倒装

  If any person be guilty of a crime, the court shall have the right to appeal. (任何人犯罪,法院有权起诉。)

  Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my unanswering support. (不管她是对还是错,我都会支持她的。)

  16) ,I will take her as my wife.

  [A] Were she rich or poor

  [B] Being rich or poor

  [C] Be she poor or rich

  [D] Whether is she poor or rich

  但如果把引导词去掉,我们就要用倒装句,如上述几句可变为

  Be any person guilty of a crime, the court shall have the right to appeal.

  Be she right or wrong, she will have my unanswering support.

  It is high time that you went home. (你们现在必须回家了。)

  It is high time that this wrong spending .

  [A] checks

  [B] checked

  [C] was checked

  [D] is to check

  答案: C。

  此外,还有省去了结果主句的虚拟结构,一般表示愿望,如: If only I were five years younger! (要是能年轻5岁就好了。) / If only she had never

been married. (要是她从没有结婚就好了。)

  1) A错。改为had known。第二句的条件从句(if I had)其实是省略句,完整的句子应为if I had known you were arriving today,所以A处为had known。

  2) A错。改为hadn’t sent。

  3) C错。改为were。

  4) B为正确答案。

  5) A为正确答案。

  6) C为正确答案。

  7) D 为正确答案。

  8) C为正确答案。

  9) B为正确答案。

  10) D为正确答案。

  11) C错。改为(should) supersede。

  12) B错。改为realize。

  13) D为正确答案。

  14) B 为正确答案。

  15) C 为正确答案。

  16) C为正确答案。

  虚拟语气是以动词的特殊形式来说明句中所叙述的内容不是事实,或是不可能发生的事情,而是一种愿望、建议或是与事实相反的一种假设。虚拟语气通常出现在各种主从复合句中。

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  4. 在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句,我们经常用“should+动词原形(或完成形式)”,表示惊奇,怀疑,不满等

  I never thought that he should be such a brave young soldier. 我们从来没想到他是个如此勇敢的小战士。

  14) that the time will soon be ripe for intervention in Iran,they would be faced by a large army?

  [A] It is believed

  [B] Should they believe

  [C] They would believe

  [D] If they would believe

  15) I think it advisable that he for Tokyo soon.

  [A] will leave

  [B] may leave

  [C] leave

  [D] leaves

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  3. 下列表示主张、要求、命令等概念的名词后面可以跟接“that”引导的表语从句和同位语从句。这种由that引导的从句其谓语动词通常用should+动词原形

或省略should。这类词有:order, request, requiremetn, insistence,suggestion, command, necessity, importance, idea, plan, motion(提议),

proposal(建议),recommendation(建议),understanding(协议), resolution(决定,决议)

  13) The judge assented to the suggestion that .

  [A] both of the criminals will soon be set freedom

  [B] some of the criminals there are of guilt only

  [C] the girl was to be paroled in the custody of a welfare society

  [D] the prisoner be sentenced to death

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  2. 下列表示主张、要求、命令、愿望、建议等概念结构后的主语从句或逻辑上的主从结构(如下列形容词作宾语从句的补足语时,这时宾语从句一般用it来代替):这时that所引导的主语从句中的谓语动词常用“should + 动词原形”或省略should,只用动词原形 it is necessary 【 essential (重要的), vital(极重要的,不可缺少的),important,imperative(必须的),urgent(紧要的),advisable(应该的),proper(适当的),obligatory (必须的),desirable(今人满意的,值得的),appropriate(合适的),fitting (合适的), strange (奇怪)】that…; it is(was, has been) desired 【suggested , requested, ordered , proposed, dicided】 that … .

  10) From the standpoint of the long?term strategic interest of the West it is imperative that .

  [A] their territorial unity being a safeguard

  [B] their unity is a territorial safeguard

  [C] they’re a territorial safeguard

  [D] their territorial unity be a safeguard

  11) The irritable [A] sergeant was [B] insistent that nothing supersedes [C] the drilling(训练) of the forty new men [D] .

  12) It is extremely [A] necessary that you will realize [B] that reading is not only [C] a physical [D] and metal process.

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  1. 下列动词后“that”引导的宾语从句

  suggest(建议), propose (提议), recommend(建议), move (提议), advise(建议), insist(坚持), urge(极力主张), ask, require, request(要求), demand, desire, order, command(命令), decide, intend(打算), prefer(宁愿), urge(敦促)。

  7) The chairman requested that .

  [A] the members studied more carefully the problem

  [B] the problem was more carefulnessly studied

  [C] with more carefulness the problem could be studied

  [D] the members study the problem more carefully

  8) The committee recommends that the matter at the next meeting.

  [A] would be discussed

  [B] will be discussed

  [C] be discussed

  [D] may be discussed

  9) The doctor insisted that his patient .

  [A] that he not work too hard for three months

  [B] take it easy for three months

  [C] taking it easy inside of three months

  [D] to take some vacations for three months

  When I suggested that he try shaving cream, he said, “The razor and water do the job. ” (当我建议他用刮胡膏时,他说“剃刀和水就行了”。)

  He pursued various theories for several days until I suggested we take the toy apart to see how it did work. (他费了几天功夫寻找理论根据,直到我建议拆开看看它是如何转动的。)

  One can suggest that students should spend two or three years in an English?speaking country. (我们建议学生应在说英语的国家呆上两三年。)

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