10.After the war, Cook married and set up home in London.　 战后，库克结婚并在伦敦安

　 家。

　　　 set up home“安家”，“成家”之意。　 set up是一固定短语意思是“创立，建立，

　　　 设置”。　

　　　 例如：

Roadblocks were set up by the police to catch the escaped prisoner.

警察设置路障抓捕逃跑的犯人。

They want to set up home in Shanghai. 他们想在上海安家。

9.Where the British army could land safe and take the enemy by surprise.

　　　 在那儿英军可以安全登陆并对敌军突然袭击。　

　　　 take someone by surprise 突然袭击；使措手不及之意。　

例如：I took him by surprise and he had no time to think of an excuse.

　 　我出其不意的责问他，他没有时间找借口。

8.up and down“上上下下”，“来来回回”的意思

这种由反义词组成，用and或or连接起来的词组常见的还有：

　 here and there　　 到处

　 far and near　　　 远近

　 back and forth　　 来来回回

　 day and night　　　 日日夜夜

　　 　　sooner or later　　　 迟早

7.At the age of 18 he joined the ship, which was used to carry coal down the east coast of

England.

　　 在他十八岁时，他在过去用来沿英国东海岸运煤的船上当上了船员。

　　 1)join the ship当了船员

　　　 join 是及物动词，表示“参加”之意。后接表示“组织”，“团体”等概念的名词时，

意思是成为该团体的一员。 例如：join the navy　 参加海军join the club 成为俱乐部会

员

　　 2)down the east coast of England沿着英格兰的东海岸。down相当于along

6.The local landowner took an interest in the young boy and paid for his schooling.

当地的地主喜欢这个男孩，并供他上学。

　　　 1)take(an) interest in对……感兴趣。

　　　　 A lot of people take great interest in American Country music.

很多人对美国乡村音乐很感兴趣。

2)schooling是名词，“教育”之意。 例如：

He had only 5 years of schooling. 他仅上过五年学。

5.We will use it for cleaning the inside of the ship.　 我们将用醋来清洁船的内舱。

　　　 inside可用做名词，副词，形容词和介词，意为“里面”，“内部”。　

　　　 例如：You’d better not go inside. It^’s dangerous.

　　　 　你最好别进去，有危险。　 (副词)

　　　 I want an inside seat in the bus.

　　　 我想坐在车里面的座位上。　 (形容词)

　　　 The pressure inside the container is larger than that outside the container.

　　　 容器里面的压力比外面压力大。　 (介词)

4.There will be a lot of room below for stores.下面将有很多地方用于贮存物品。

　　　 1)room 在此是不可数名词，是“空间”的意思。

　　　 2)below 是副词，是“在下面”的意思。作定语修饰名词room注意

　副词作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。　

　例如：Life here is full of joy.　 这儿的生活充满欢乐。

3.They usually go bad as soon as we are at sea.　 当我们一到海上，这些蔬菜就会变质。

　　　 1) go bad是“变质，腐烂”的意思。

　　　　 go为系动词是“变”，“变为”或“处于某种状态”之意。(一般都是向不好的情

况变化)。例如：　 go mad　 (发狂) ,　 go hungry(挨饿) ,　 go wrong(发生故障) ,但也可

说go strong(情况)良好，兴旺。

　　　 2)at sea　 是在海上航行之意。　　 例如：

　　 　　When we woke up, the ship was at sea.　　 当我们醒来时，船已航行在海上。

　　　 The ship spent 3 months at sea.　　 船在海上航行了三个月。

　　　 另外at sea还可表达“茫然”，“不知所措”之意。

　　　 He was all at sea when he began his new work.

　　　 他开始新工作时，简直不知如何是好。

2.The men often fall ill and suffer fever, so I have decided to take live animals.

　　　 水手们常发烧病倒，因此我决定带上活物。

　1)fall ill 病倒的意思。

　fall在这作为系动词表示“进入……状况”。

　 　例如：fall asleep入睡，　 fall in love with sb .爱上某人　 fall apart破裂，崩溃

　2)live为形容词，读作 []是活的，有生命的，带电的，实况的。

　 例如：Be careful. The wire is live　 小心，电线有电。

　　　 They are going to give the live broadcast while the football match is on.

　　　　 他们将实况转播这场足球赛。

　　 [课文背景介绍]　

　About Captain Cook　

　　 James Cook(1728-1779)，British naval captain, navigator and explorer. He led three scientific 　expeditions to the southern hemisphere(半球)(1768-1771,1772-1775,1776-1779)making many discoveries in the regions(地区)of Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific islands. He was the first to penetrate the Antarctic Circle(1773), and on this voyage demonstrated(论证)the efficacy of methods of preventing scurvy(败血症).He visited(1778)the Bering Strait in search of Northwest Passage. He was murdered by natives in Hawaii.

　　 [课文预习] 　 　回答下列问题，了解Cook的生平。 　　 1.When and where was James Cook born? 　　 2.What did he do at the age of 18? 　　 3.What happened in 1756? 　　 4.What did he do in 1759? 　　 5.What happened to him in 1768? 　　 6.When did the Endeavour set out for the Pacific,which Captain Cook was in charge of? 　　 7.Where did Cook’s expedition arrive in 1769? 　　 8.When did his expedition come back to England? 　　 9.What was the result of the expedition? 　　 you draw the coastline that Captain Cook’s expedition sailed along?

[释疑解惑]　

1. Captain Cook is preparing for his first great expedition to the Pacific.

　　　 库克船长正在为他首次远征太平洋做准备。

　prepare for是“为……做准备”之意　 例如：

　I have to prepare for tomorrow’s experiment.　 我得为明天的实验做准备。　

　另外，为某事做准备还可以用make preparations for表示乐意做某事可用 be prepared　

　to do sth.