4．It was long before she came back .

3．It was not long before she came back .

2．Before I could get in a word ,she had left .

1．Do it now before you forget.

8.It will be many years before the chemicals start to escape from the containers .

　　 要过很多年(之后)，容器里的化学物质才会开始流出。

　　 该句中before 译为“在(一段时间)之后”。

　　 e.g . It was three months before she returned to her hometown.

　 　　　三个月之后她才返回家乡。

　 　注意：在翻译含有before 从句的句子时，要注意汉语的译法。

　　 e.g. Before I could get in a word ,she had left without saying a word .

　　 我还没来得及插话她便什么也没说走了。

It was not long before the whole country rose up .

没过多久，全国就举行了起义(汉语没有译)

　　 翻译下列各句，注意before的译法：

7. …depending on the nature of the materials . …视材料的性质而定

　　 depend on 做“依…而是，”“依靠”“依赖”

　　 Success depends on your effort and ability .

　　 成功与否得看你的努力和能力。

　　 Whether we’ll go there depends on the weather .

　　 我们是否去那儿取决于天气。

6. A better method is to take the waste far out to sea in ships where the wind and waves break is down .

　　 该句中“where the wind and waves break it down “为定语从句，先行词为 sea. 句中break

down 做“分解”讲。(既可以指化学变化，也可以指物理变化)。

Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen .

水可以被分解为氢和氧。

5. Although the sea breaks up the waste, beaches

　 　虽然海洋可以把粪便冲散,

　 　break up 作“驱散”“拆开”“打碎”解。

　 　做“拆散”解时，与break down 同义。

　　 e.g. The war broke up many families .　 这场战争拆散了许多家庭。

　　 　　 The warship was broken up . 　　这艘战舰被拆散。

4．How to get rid of waste is a great problem for the world today .如何处理废物是当今世界上的一个大难题。

　　 该句是不定式结构做主语。How to get rid of waste 是由疑问词+不定式构成。它可以延伸为一个主语从句：

　　 How we should get rid of waste .

　　 疑问词+不定式结构可在句中做主语，宾语，表语等。

　　 e.g. How to deal with the matter is unknown .

如何处理这件事没有人知道。(作主语)

　 　We haven’t decided when to start off for Beijing .

我们还没有决定何时动身去北京(做宾语)

The problem is how to get rid of bad habit .

问题是如何去掉这不良的习惯(做表语)

get rid of　 作“去掉”“摆脱”解。

　　 e.g . He kept jumping to get rid of the cold .　 他不断跳跃以便驱寒。

3.deal with 作：“处理”

　　 e.g. Pollution is a big problem to deal with .　 污染是一个要处理的大问题。

I wonder how we should deal with so much rubbish . 我不知道如何处理这么多的垃圾。