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4. I _________ five yuan for the potatoes.

[答案]1. takes  2. cost  3. spent  4. paid

[点拨] pay, spend, take, cost都有“花费”的意思。

     pay的主语是人,意思是“花费金钱”。常构成句型:Sb. pays some money for sth. 某人在某物上花了多少钱。此外pay for还可以作“赔偿”的意思。

     spend的主语是人,意思是“花费,度过”。常构成句型:Sb. spends some time/ some money on sth./(in) doing sth. 某人在某物/某事上花费多少时间/多少钱。

     take的主语是it,意思是“花费”。常构成句型:It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事。

     cost的主语是物,意思是“花费”。常构成句型:Sth. costs sb. some money. 某物花费某人多少钱。

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3. They _________ two days playing in the countryside.

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2. This T-shirt __________me fifty yuan.

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1. It _________ me half an hour to do homework every day.

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3.    The scientists are _________ how to solve this problem.

[答案]1. learn   2. study   3. studying

[点拨]study 与learn都有学习的意思,有时候可以互换。但它们仍有区别。

     study侧重学习的过程,而learn侧重学习的结果,强调“学会,学到”的意思。

     study常用于较高深或研究,而learn则多用于初级阶段的学习或模仿等。此外learn还有“知道,了解,听说”等意思。“向某人学习”只能用learn sth. from sb.。

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2.    I always ___________ for the test before I take the test.

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1.    We must _____ from each other.

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4. 教材:On Saturday morning, I played soccer on my computer.

    透视:play后接运动项目的名词时,名词不带冠词,接乐器类名词时要带冠词the。

  考题:Peter likes playing ______ football very much, but he doesn't like _____ football I bought for him on his birthday.( 07甘肃兰州)

    A. the,the   B./,/   C. the,/  D. /; the

    解读:第一空是play接球类名词,不带冠词,第二空表特指要加冠词the,所以选择D。

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3. 教材:Well, on Sunday morning, I played tennis.

    透视:介词on表示时间时,用于日期或星期前。

    考题:─ When do you go shopping?

 ─ I usually go shopping ____ Sunday morning.(06武汉中考)

       A. on    B. in    C. at    D. for

    解读:本题考察on表达时间的用法,句中有明显的标志性词语Sunday, 答案选择A。

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2. 教材:I played tennis.

    透视:谓语动词加ed,构成过去式,用于表示过去发生的动作。

    考题:Hu Jingtao, President of China,      America and four Asian and African countries in April 2006.(湖州市06中考)

A. visits    B. visited    C are visiting    D. had visited

    解读:句中谈及的事发生在一个过去时间里,谓语动词需要用过去式,所以选择B。

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