1. make up, be made up of, make up for 　make up for 弥补 ; make up的意思比较多，常用的有“化妆、编造、组成、占……(比例)”。这时要注意，make up为主动形式，表示“部分组成一个整体”的意思。另外，take up也有“占……”的意思，但指的是“某样东西占据空间”。 be made up of... “由……组成”，这里为被动形式，表示“一个整体是由几个部分组成的”之意。 　

注意比较：consist of也有“……由……组成”的意思，但要使用主动形式。例如：

This club consists of more than 200 members. 　这个俱乐部由200位以上的会员组成。

比较：This club is made up of more than 200 members.

(1)She took over 30 minutes to ______ herself ______.

(2)Is she telling the truth, or ____ it all ____? 　　(3)We need one more player to ____ a team.

(4)They ______ about six percent of the total population.

(5)The committee ______ seven members. 　(6)He drove faster to ______ lost time.

2. It is said/reported/believed/thought that-clause句型结构

教材原句 　It has often been said that life is difficult as it is. 人们常说现实生活已经够艰难的了。

It was said that only three people could understand it at the time. 据说当时只有三个人能够理解。

特别提示 　　It is said /thought/ believed/reported that-clause可以转换成sb. is said/ reported/ believed/ reported to do/ to be doing/ to have done...句型结构。

(1)It is hoped that you will be able to attend the meeting. (=______________________________)

It is said that he has written a new book about workers. (=_______________________________.)

____________________________________________. 人们相信我们队会赢得这场比赛的胜利。

It is reported that our country has sent another spaceship. = _______________________________.

(2)He is said to have finished the work. = _____________________ 据说他已经完成了这项工作。

Dick is believed to be fit for the position. = ______________________人们相信迪克适合这一职务。

疑难突破

1. be doing sth. when sth. happened

I was moving forward over a slope that seemed safe when suddenly without warning my world dropped out from under my skis.

我正在一个似乎安全的斜坡上往前走，突然间毫无预兆，滑雪板下的大地陷下去了。

特别提示 　该句型中的连词when不能换成as, while等其他连词。

I _____________________________ I suddenly felt a pain in my stomach.

我当时正在院子里干活，这时我突然感到肚子疼。

Frank was about to leave when he noticed a letter lying on the floor.

弗兰克刚要离开，这时他发现地板上有一封信。

We were doing our homework when the light went out. 我们正在做作业，突然灯灭了。

I had traveled only two hours one day when the winds increased.

一天我刚走了两小时，这时突然狂风大作。

2. turn to 　　　_______________________ and there are about 4 500 deer farms in the country.

某些农场主已经转业养鹿，全国的养鹿场已经达到4 500个左右。

He turned to me and said hello to me. 他_______我向我问好。

He turned to the study of medicine. 他_________学习医学。

Please turn to Page 5. 请________第五页。

If you are in trouble, please turn to me. 如果你有麻烦，_______我。

相关归纳

(1)turn on/off开/关(电器、煤气等)

Turn on the lights when you enter the room, and don’t forget to turn them off before you leave.

进入房间时请把灯打开，但要记住离开前关上。

(2)turn up

He hasn’t turned up yet. 他_______________。

Will you turn up the radio? 请把_______________________好吗？

(3)turn down 　

Would you like me to turn down the radio a bit? 我_________________好吗？

Our request for a pay rise was turned down again. 我们要求提高工资的请求再次__________。

(4)turn out

The day turned out fine. ________天晴了。

It turned out that he had never been there. _________他从来没有去过那儿。

The factory can turn out 1 000 cars a day. 这家工厂一天能_________1 000辆汽车。

(5) turn over

The farmers turned over the soil with a fork to destroy the weeds. 农民用耙子_______除草。

He turned over in the bed and couldn’t fall asleep. 他在床上_________，睡不着觉。

The car turned over twice and then fell into the river. 那辆车____________后掉进了河里。

He turned it over in his mind. 他在心中_________那件事。

(6)turn against背叛；反抗

For this many of his former friends turned against him. 鉴于此，他以前的许多朋友背叛了他。

特别提示

turn to短语中的to为介词，后面不能使用动词原形。相似的还有：devote...to...; pay attention to; refer to等。但是，He turned to go out.的意思为“他转身走了出去”。

●必背句型

1.die down

On November 12th the storm died down. 11月12日，风暴平息了。

The fire ________________. Please get more coal. 火要灭了，请再加点煤。

It took a long time for the excitement to die down. 过了好长时间兴奋才平息下来。

相关归纳

(1)die away逐渐消失、平息 　The sound has died away. 声音渐渐地消失了。

(2)die from由于……而死，后常接灾祸、衰弱、负伤等外因。

He died from a chest wound. 他死于胸部受伤。 He died from weakness. 他死于衰弱。

(3)die of因(患)……而死，后常接年老、疾病、情感、贫寒等内因。

The baby died of a fever. 这个婴儿因发烧而死。

The old woman died of grief soon after her husband’s death.这位老太太在她丈夫死去不久就死于悲伤

(4)die out熄灭；绝种(迹) Many old customs are gradually dying out. 许多老风俗渐渐消亡了。

(5)die off 先后死去；一一死去 The leaves of this plant are dying off. 这植物的叶子正在凋落中。

●重点单词 (看点点金)

1.inspire用法归纳　 *inspire用作及物动词，主要义项有：鼓舞；激励；引发；赋予……灵感。主要用法有： inspire sb.　 /　 inspire sb. to sth .　 /　 inspire sb. to do sth.　 /　 inspire sth. in sb.　 / inspire sb. with sth.。形容词inspired 有灵感的；inspiring鼓舞人心的。

(1)We were inspired by his speech. 我们为他的演说所激励。

(2)His friend’s words _____________________. 他朋友的话使他振奋起来再试一次

(3)The father inspired his son with confidence. =The father inspired confidence in his son.

那位父亲激发了儿子的信心。

(4) The Lake District scenery inspired Wordsworth to write his greatest poetry.

英格兰湖区的美景给了华兹华斯创作他最伟大诗篇的灵感。

特别提示 　inspire sb. to do sth.相当于encourage sb. to do sth.。

●重点短语

单词 inspire admire *generous cheerful mean *threaten bottom *optimistic somehow regret *extreme bother fame promise bear *scholarship graduation surround *mild spring heat surface rat settle settler mainly voyage possession bold paragraph grassland mountainous surprising conference relation agricultural cattle

词组

汉译英

即将来临

变弱 平息

后悔做过某事

甘心忍受

许诺

毕业

定居

占有

位于

组成

开始干/求助于/转向

宿营

英译汉

in good health

struggle to one’s feet/knees

put up a tent

at the top of one’s voice

be responsible for

refer to

sign an agreement with

has a population of…

of high quality

be about to do

threaten to do sth

be popular with

36. DCBAA　 37. BDACC　 38. ACADA　 39. ABBAA　 40. ABDAC

31. DCABB　 32. BDCCA　 33. ADDAD　 34. DCBDA　 35. BCACA

26. DBADA 　27. DBDCA　 28. CBAAD　 29. DBCDA　 30. ADACA