题目列表(包括答案和解析)

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3.Alec asked the policeman __ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.

A. with him          B. who     C. with whom          D. whom

[错解]  A

[纠错心得] 考生知道“work with sb”(与……起工作)而没考虑到“him”不是关系代词而错选A.“work with sb”+ 关系代词,当先行词为“人”时,应用whom,故选C。

[答案] C

易错角度 3   关系代词as的用法

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2.The joureny around the world took the old  sailor nine months,    the sailing time was 226 days.

A. of which           B. during which     C. from which          D. for which

[错解]  B

[纠错心得] 考生曲解了定语从句的含义。根据题意“这位老船员花了九个月的时间环游世界,其中航海时间是226天”选B、C、D,有悖原意,故选A

[答案] A

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3. I Can think of many cases   students obviously knew a lot of English words and ex pressions but couldn’t write a good essay.

A. Why     B. Which    C. as      D. where

[错解] B

[纠错心得] 很多同学没分析从句结构,一看先行词“cases”指物就断定选B.分析从句结构知:缺状语,再根据先行词cases(情形,情景),根据句意“在很多情景里……”故选D.Where,也可用“in which”.

[答案] D

易错角度 2   对介词后接关系代词而不接关系副词的考查;介词是用which还是用whom;介词如何确定

1 -Why does she always ask you for help?

-There is no one else      ,is there?

A. who to turn to        B. she can turn to      C. for whom to turn       D. for her to turn

[错解] D或C

[纠错心得] 按照习惯的思维是介词for可以表示“对……”,但本题是固定短词turn to表示“向某人求助”的意思,固定短语中的介词一般不提前置于关系代词之前。选项A中who是多余的,不定式可直接用作后置定语。

[答案] B

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2.The famous basketball star, __tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.

A. Where    B. When    C. Which    D. Who

[错解]  C

[纠错心得] 考生认为“that不可引导非限制性定语从句,那就只填which了”。做定语从句时,考生应分析该定语从句缺什么成分,再看先行词,然后确定是填关系代词还是关系副词;本题是道非限制性定语从句题,而且该从句中很明显缺主语,故A、B不行,C项which指代物,不能指代人,故选D。

[答案] D

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易错角度 1  正确区分关系代词与关系副词的用法

1. I Walked in our garden,      Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.

A. which    B. when    C. where    D. that

[错解]  B

[纠错心得] 以句意来看很容易把本题当作是一个时间状语从句或是等立连词when引导的从句.根据题干分析,后者是用来说明Tom and Jim要做的事情的地点,也就是说应该用定语从句来修饰和说明情况的,故填 where来,引导非限制性定语从句。

[答案] C

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3.定语从句与状语从句的区别

定语从句在句子中作定语,修饰名词、代词或句子;并且,这个被修饰的名词、代词或句子称为先行词,通常放在定语从句之前。状语从句在句子中作状语,修饰动词;通常不同的状语从句有不同的连词,位置较灵活,通常放在句首或句末,有时也放在句中。

以where为例来说明:

①Let’s have a short meeting where we met last time.我们在上次见面的地方开个短会吧。(Where we met last time是地点状语从句,在句中作地点状语,表示开会的地方)

②This is the place where we had a meeting last time.这就是我们上次开会的地方。(Where we had a meeting last time是定语从句,在句中作定语修饰the place)

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2.定语从句与强调句的区别

定语从句和强调句的判断方法:若将句中的“It is/was…that/who”去掉,而句子不缺成分,结构完整,说明原句是强

调句。如:

It was in 1 998 that the flood destroyed many houses in Jiangxi.在1998年,洪水毁坏了江西地区很多的房屋。(强调句)

(判断方法:如果去掉it was和that,剩下in 1998 the flood destroyed many houses in Jiangxi,句子结构完整,可判定原句为强调句)

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1.定语从句与同位语从句的区别

定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的进一一步说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴。如:

①He makes a promise that if he Call get the job,he will work hard to make as much money as he can for the eompany.他许诺如果他能获得那份工作,他将努力为公司挣尽可能多的

钱。(that引导的同位语从句是对先行词a promise的进一步解释和说明)

②Mike’s parents made a special promise to Tom that surprisedTom.迈克的父母对汤姆许下了一个特别的诺言,这使得汤姆很惊奇。(that引导的定语从句是对先行词promise的修饰和限制)

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定语从句

考点1  “介词+关系代词which/whom”中介词和关系代词的选择

介词后作宾语的关系代词为历年高考考查的重点,一般来讲有两个:指人时只能用whom,指物时只能用which。当然关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如:

①The pen with which he wrote was made in China.他写字用的钢笔是中国制造的。

②The train on which Tom travelled to Canada was very fast.汤姆到加拿大去时乘坐的火车速度非常快。

③The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.那位老师对他的学生非常有耐心,他家的房子前面有一棵大树。

考点2  as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的判定

1.as引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释或评论。

(1)此时的as意为“正如……,正像……”。翻译时有时可不必译出。如:

You are clever,as all those who know you can see.你很聪明,所有认识你的人都能看出来。

(2)在句法上,as常用作一些实义动词(如see,know,hear,watch,remember,say,tell,show,expect,guess等)的宾语,这类动词与as几乎成了一种固定搭配。如:

As we all know,China is becoming stronger and stronger.众所周知,中国正变得越来越强大。

(3)as引导的从句可以前置(而which引导的从句则不可)。如:

As is a fact,Mike is expected to make a top student.这是一个事实,迈克有望成为一名顶尖的学生。

特别提示

主句中出现the same,such,so修饰先行词时,要选择as作关系代词,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,此时as引导的是限制性定语从句。另外要注意:

(1)the same…that与the same…as引导的定语从句在意义上的区别:前者修饰的名词与原物是同一个东西;而后者修饰的是与先行词同类型的另一样东西。试比较:

①This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.这正是我昨天丢失的那个书包。(同一个书包)

②This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.这个书包和我昨天丢失的那个一样。(同类型的另一个)

(2)such/so…as…和such /so…that…结构不同,as引导定语从句,而that引导状语从句。如:

①They talked in such simple English as children could understand.他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。(定语从句,as代替先行词simple English作understand的宾语)

②He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke.他如此用力地关窗,结果玻璃碎了。(结果状语从句,that引导的从句表示用力关窗导致的结果)

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