2．过去进行时

(1)考查表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在发生的动作，强调未完成

例10-Has Sam finished his homework today?

-I have no idea. He _______ it this morning.

A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done

[解析]从对话中不知道Sam有没有完成作业，所以今天上午他正在做，正确答案为C。

(2)考查表示过去某一时间将要发生的动作

例11-What were you doing when Tony phoned you?

-I had just finished my work and _______ take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting

[解析]“我”刚刚完成手头的工作，将要去洗澡，所以答案是D。

一般过去时与过去进行时的区别如下：

一般过去时：完成性

过去进行时：未完成

考点三、现成完成时与现在完成进行时

1．一般过去时

主要考查表示过去某个特定时间或某一段时间发生的动作或情况

例8It’s said that the early European playing-cards ________ for entertainment and

education.

A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed

[解析]句中的the early说明以前欧洲扑克牌的设计是为了娱乐和教育，用一般过去时说明过去某个特定时间发生的动作或情况，答案是D。

例9My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He _______ there for a few months and then went to America.

A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working

[解析]此题中的two years ago说明是发生在过去的事情，所以答案是A。

2．现在进行时

(1)考查表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事

例5 I have to go to work by taxi because my car _______ at the garage.

A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired

[解析]句中的谓语动词是现在时态，所以现在汽车正在被修理，故答案选C。

例6Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasn’t stopped ringing. People _______ to ask how I am going to spend the money.

A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning

[解析]因为我获了奖，所以这段时间老有人给我打电话怎样花这笔钱，答案应是D。

(3)考查表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作、即将开始或结束的动作

常用的这类动词有：go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, move, return, start, stay, stop, give, change, fly, work等。

例7Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belt. The plane _______.

A. takes off B. is taking off

C. has taken off D. took off [解析]答案是B。用进行时表示飞机即将起飞。

从历届高考题可以看出，命题者在选项的设置中注重对一般现在时和现在进行时区别的考查。这两种时态的区别见下：

一般现在时：习惯性、永久性、客观事实

现在进行时：暂时性、重复性、感情色彩

考点二、一般过去时与过去进行时

考点一、一般现在时与现在进行时

1．一般现在时

(1)考查表示按时间表将要发生的动作或事件

例1-Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 1026 _______ off at 18: 20.

A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken

[解析]飞机起非的时间是时间表上的安排，所以无论将来什么时候发生都用一般现在时，答案应是A。

(2)考查表示特征、能力或现时的情况或状态

例2 This machine _______. It hasn’t worked for years.

A. didn’t work B. wasn’t working C. doesn’t work D. isn’t working

[解析]机器闲置了很多年，所以现在的状况也是不运转的，用一般现在时表示现时的状态，故答案为C。

例3 The house belongs to my aunt but she _______ here any more.

A. hasn’t lived B. didn’t live C. had lived D. doesn’t live

[解析]句中的谓语动词是现在时，故不住在这里也应该是现时的情况，答案应为D。

(3)考查表示普遍真理、事实

例4Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _______ the Pacific, and we met no storms.

A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called

[解析]尽管我们横渡太平洋是几个月前的事情，但是海洋的名称是存在的事实，所以用一般现在时，答案是B。

3．在”祈使句+and／or+陈述句”结构中，and／or后的句子用”will+动词原形”。解题时，考生首先要弄清每一种”将来时间表达法”的适用情境，然后结合语境作出判断。

[解析]D。此句符合”祈使句+and／or+陈述句”结构，其中and／or后的句子用”will+动词原形”，故答案为D。

[例题9]一Did you tell Julia about the result?

一Oh，I forgot.　　　 her now．

A．called　　 B．will call　　 C．ain going to call　　　 D．has called

[解题指导]解题的关键是弄清will，be going to表将来的区别：如果主语的意图事先考虑过，用be going to，否则用will。

[解析]B。根据句中的关键语句“I forgot”和时间状语“now”可以判断出“打电话”不是事先已经考虑好的，而是经别人提醒后临时决定要做的，故用will。因此答案为B。

2．一般现在时表将来：在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。

1．现在进行时表将来，表示最近按计划或安排要发生的动作，仅用于少数短暂性动词。

5．表示”发生”的词汇(happen，take place，break out，occur)，只有主动语态。

[解析]C。本题考察”主动形式表示被动意义”，符合上述第二条。

[例题7]一Have you called Mr．Johnson?

一Yes．he　　　 back before tomorrow noon．So he can attend our meeting on time．

A．expected　　 B．is expected　　 C．is expecting　　 D．is to expect

[解题指导]要解答好这种类型的题目，首先要判断用主动语态还是用被动语态，判断用哪种语态主要是判断主语与谓语动词之间的关系；其次再判断动作发生的时间。

[解析]B。结合句意可知，是说话人期望Mr．Johnson在明天中午前回来，即Mr．Johnson“被人期望”，因此用被动语态，答案为B。

几种将来时间表达法的区别

近三年全国各地区考查将来时间表达法比较的题目多达9道。

[例题8]Whatever may happen，go on until you succeed，and you　　　 what life is about．

A．should know　 B．must know　　 C．have known　　　 D．will know

[解题指导]考生应弄清以下几种将来时间表达法的区别：

4．be worth doing中用主动表示被动。

3．want，need，require表示”需要”时，其后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义。