19．My money and goods are as dear to me as life itself.

　　 我的钱和财产对我就像生命一样宝贵。

　　 ①dear adj. 宝贵的,珍视的(valued).例如:

　　 Honour is dearer to him than life. 荣誉对于他比生命更宝贵。

　　 Time is very dear to everyone. 时间对于每个人来说都是非常宝贵的。

　　 ②goods在此处的意思是 “动产”,“货物”。

18．His life shall be at the mercy of the Duke. Therefore, go down on you knees and beg the Duke for mercy . 他的生命全凭公爵处置,因此你快快跪下请求公爵饶恕吧。

　　 ①at the mercy of 意为 “完全受…支配”, “在…掌握中”.又如:

　 　The picnic was at the mercy of the weather. 　这次郊游要看天气如何而定。

　 　The ship was at the mercy of the waves.　 这艘船随波飘流。

　　 ②go down on one’s knees 的意思是 “跪下,屈膝”.又如:

　 　They will never go down on their knees before the enemy. 他们决不向敌人屈膝。

　　 ③beg for意为 “乞求”, “请求”.又如:

　　 I beg for your help. 我请求你的帮助。

　　 Before liberation many peasants had to beg for food. 解放前很多农民不得不讨饭.

17．I will take the money. 我愿意要钱。

　　 will在这里是情态动词,表示 “愿意”,可用于各个人称.又如:

　 　I will never talk about that again.　 我再也不愿谈这件事了。

　 　I will go if you wish. 如果你希望我去,我就去。

16.You wanted justice, so you shall get justice, more than you wanted .

　　 你要求公正,就让你得到公正,比你要求的更公正。

　　 ①shall在此处是情态动词用于第二人称,表示说话人的允诺,意思是 “可以”.又如:

　 Don't worry. You shall get the answer this afternoon.

　 别着急,今天下午你就可以得到答复了。

　 shall用于第一人称,表示将来时,如We shall start for Beijing tomorrow . 除此之外,还可以

用于第二.三人称,表示警告、允诺、命令、决心、强制等,这时shall 起情态动词的作用.

　　 本课中还有几个句子都有shall作情态动词的这种用法,如下文中的一段话:The law of

Venice says that if anyone tries to kill or murder any citizen of Venice, everything that he owns shall be taken away from him . One half of his money and his goods shall be given to the city of Venice and the other half shall be given to the person he has tried to kill. His life shall be at the mercy of the Duke .这里的四个shall be 都用于第三人称,都表示 “警告”或 “强制”.“法律条文规定”

　　 ②more than 作 “不只是”, “远远超过”解.例如:

　 The money is more than enough for his journey. 这些钱他用来旅游绰绰有余。

　 They more than respect him. They envy him. 他们不只敬佩他,他们羡慕他。

15．Please be seated = Please sit down. 请坐.

　　 seat 用作及物动词是 “使…就座”; “供给…座位”的意思;名词作 “座位”解.

　　 例如:This hall will seat 400 people .这个大厅可坐400人.

　 　He seated himself at the desk. 他在桌子边坐下.

　 　seat 有时以过去分词的形式出现作表语表示状态. 如:

　 　The baby was seated on his mother’s knees.

　　 孩子坐在母亲的膝上。

　 　由seat构成的短语还有:

　 　seat oneself 就座　　 　take one’s seat 就座　 　take (have ) a seat 就坐,坐下,请坐　　　

14.This is a most troublesome case. 这是一个非常麻烦的案子。

　　 ①a most troublesome case = a very troublesome case

　　 most 前面用a时。most = very

　　 It is a most touching story. 这是一个极为动人的故事。

　　 ②troublesome adj. 讨厌的;令人烦恼的(causing trouble ; annoying )

　　 He is a troublesome person. 他是个讨厌的人。

　　 Teaching seems troublesome to him. 教书对他来说似乎是烦恼的。

　 　troublesome 是由动词trouble 加后缀––some 构成.

　　 后缀––some表示 “引起”, “易于”等,可以放在某些名词,形容词或动词的后面构成形容 词,例如：tiresome (讨厌);lonesome (寂寞的,孤独的,冷落的);quarrelsome (爱吵架的)。

13. …,but I never knew so young a body with so wise a head .

　　 …,但是我还从来不知道有这么年轻又这么聪明的人。

　　 ①带有形容词的可数名词单数,当形容词前面有so , too , how 时,不定冠词 a/an应放在形容词后面,其结构是“so/too/how+adj+a/an+n. .例如:

　　 This is so important a meeting that you should attend it .(=This is such an important meeting that you should attend it.)

　　 这是一个很重要的问题,你应该参加。

　　 It is too difficult a problem for the students. (=It is such a difficult problem for the students.)

　 　这道题对学生来说太难了.

　　 How lovely a day it is! 多好的天气啊! (=What a lovely day it is !)

　　 ②body 在此句中的意思是“人”(=person , human being). so young a body 相当于 such a young man/person .

11.Then the letter is read out for all in the court to hear. 然后,当庭宣读那封信.

　　 ①read out 的意思是read (sth.)aloud .又如:

　　 Read out the answers to the questions, please .　 请把问题的答案大声地念出来。

　　 ②court 这里指法庭。 court是个集合名词，当它做“法庭”“法院”讲是单数性；而当它做“法官们”讲时是复数性。例如：

　　 All the court are for the judgement.　　 全体法官赞成这个判决。

　　 The court is going to sentence him to death. 法庭将判他死刑。

　　 课文后面还有这类句子：After the letter has been read out to the court,…这封信向全体法官宣读之后，……

　　 I declare the court allows it …我断言法庭会答应的。

11. …,how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none ? (= …,how can you hope that others will show mercy to you if you show no mercy to others ?)

　 如果你不宽恕别人,你怎能希望得到别人的宽恕呢?

　　 ①hope for 希望有,希望得到

　　 He hopes for success. 他希望成功。

　　 Hope for the best, and prepare for the worst. 作最好的打算,作最坏的准备。

　　 ②when 在这里相当于if.又如:

　　 Turn off the switch when anything goes wrong with the machine.

　　 如果机器发生故障,就把电门关上。

　　 I’ll come when I’m needed .如果需要我,我就来。

10.It is useless trying to argue with Shylock..跟夏洛克没有什么好争论的。

　 　It is useless doing …= It is no use doing …意为“做……没有用处。 it 为作形式主语。

　 　例如：It is no use scolding children. 责骂儿童是没有用的.

　 　　　　It is no use asking him about it.　 问他是没有用的。