3. suffer vi. 受痛苦；受损害 vt. 遭受；忍受

(1)感到疼痛、痛苦

He died very quickly, he didn’t suffer much. 他死得很快，没有多少痛苦。

(2)承受，遭受

You must be prepared to suffer consequences. 你要准备承担后果。

suffer from

(1)患有(疾病等)

She suffers from headache. 她患有头痛病。

(2)为……所苦，因……而吃苦头

Our business has suffered from lack of investment. 我们的生意因缺少投资而受损失。

I’m suffering from a real lack of time this week.

我这周为时间不够用而苦恼。

Mrs. White’s little boy is suffering from a bad flu bug again.

怀特太太的小孩又患上严重的感冒。

拓展：

suffer the result /heavy losses /injuries承受结果/遭受大损失/负伤

suffer from headache/illness 遭受头痛/疾病的困扰

suffer (vt. ) 和suffer from的区别：suffer 指一般的损害、痛苦等等，但suffer from指长期的或习惯性的痛苦或困难。

名词形式：suffering

例题：

_____________ heart attack for many years, he has to carry medicine with him always.

A. Suffered　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Suffered from

C. Having suffered　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Suffering

2. be eager to渴望做某事，热切想做某事

be eager for sth. 渴望得到

拓展：

辨析：be eager to do sth. 与be anxious to do sth.

be eager to 指以极大的热情渴望实现愿望或达到目的

He is eager to go to college.

be anxious to do sth. 急切地希望实现愿望，但因顾虑愿望落空而心情不安，感到焦虑

I am anxious to know the final result.

例题：

(1)She __________________________ new skills so that she can be qualified for the job.

(2)He took a medical examination two days ago and now he __________________ know the result.

1. concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于

concentrate one’s mind/ attention on (upon) 把注意力集中在

With his mobile phone ringing constantly, he can’t concentrate on his work.

拓展：同义词组：fix one’ s attention on

focus on

be absorbed in

如果指较长时间的全心全意做某事，用下面短语：

put one’s heart into sth.

devote oneself to sth. /doing sth.

例题：

(1)___________________________ your study if you want to catch up with the class.

(2)He _____________________ helping the people in need. He set a good example to us.

6. remind vt. “提醒，使想起”常用于以下三种句型：

(1)remind…of…　 使想起；提醒_K^S*5U.C#O%

The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.

(2)remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事

Please remind me to return the books to the library.

(3)remind sb. that…　 提醒某人(做)某事

Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.

5. require vt. “需要；要求；命令”常用于以下四种句型：

(1)It requires that…要求；必须

It requires that I (should) give evidence.

(2)require sth. of sb. 对某人有……的要求

I’m not guilty. I only did what was required of by law.

(3)require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

The rules requires us all to be present.

注：requirement n. 需求，要求，必要条件，需要的东西，要求必备的条件

拓展：在It is/was suggested (ordered，demanded，proposed，etc. ) 结构以及necessary，essential，important，strange，natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气如：

例题：

It is _________________ that all students should wear the school uniform in school, but not all students obey the requirement.

4. lack vt. 缺乏；不足；没有

lack courage/ creativity/ self-discipline / money/ time缺乏勇气、创造力、自制力、钱、时间

lack n. 用作名词构成以下词组：_K^S*5U.C#O%

for/ by / from/ through lack of 因缺乏……

The project had to be abandoned for lack of money.

no lack of不缺乏；很多

lack in在……缺乏(不足)

lacking adj. 缺少的；不足的

There is something lacking in his character.

I should say your secretary is lacking in responsibility.

3. surrounding (常用作复数)周围的事物；环境

比较：environment

to grow up in beautiful surroundings 在美丽的自然环境中长大

to grow up in a happy environment 在快乐的生活环境中长大

surroundings 指一个地方或一个人周围的具体东西；而environment指周围的一切，尤其指环境对人心情及发展的影响

拓展：surrounding adj. 包围的；周围的

例题：

______________________ by green hills on the north and south and a blue sea on the east, this city really enjoys nice surroundings.

2. impression n. 印象；感想

be under the impression that…认为；觉得

make/ leave an impression on sb. 给某人留下印象

make no impression on 对……无影响/效果

give sb. a favourable impression给某人以好的印象

First impressions are most important.

拓展：impress vt.

impress sb. with使(人)印象深刻；使铭记

She impressed me with her passion for work.

impress sth. on sb. 使某人铭记

His words are strongly impressed on my memory.

例题：

---What’s your ___________________ of my uncle?

--He is a handsome young man, but what ___________________ me most is his sense of humor. (impress)

1. private adj.

(1)私人的；属于个人的

private property私人财产

private school 私立学校

(2)不公开的

a private door便门

Don’t say anything about what we’re discussing anyone; it’s private.

(3)安静的；不惹人注意的

Is there a private corner where we can sit and talk by ourselves?

拓展：

in private私下里

in public公开地；在公众场合

11．据报道，科研人员新近开发出一种由甲醇和氧气以及强碱作电解质溶液的新型手机电池，可供手机连续使用一个月才充一次电．据此请回答以下问题：

　　 (1)甲醇是______极，电极反应是____________________．

(2)电池反应的离子方程式是__________________________________．

(3)这种电池若用在宇宙飞船上还可为宇航员提供生活用水．已知每消耗1mol甲醇将生成a mol水和放出Q kJ的能量，在实际使用中这种电池每产生3.6×10³kJ电能就生成m g水．则该电池把化学能转化为电能的效率为____________．(用含a、Q、m的代数式表示)．

(4)这种电池输出的电压为b V，要使标有b V、12W的小灯泡发光1小时，实际应消耗甲醇多少克？

答案：(1)负　 CH₃OH-6e^-+8OH^-＝CO+6H₂O

(2)CH₃OH+O₂+2OH^-＝CO+3H₂O或2CH₂OH+3O₂+4OH^-＝2CO+6H₂O

(3)(提示：由题知：生成mg水放出能量1度电等于3600kJ，则此电池的能量利用率为3600/())　 (4)