3. What do you learn at school?

　　　　　 I learn Chinese, English and other subjects. 　(做宾语)

IV. 疑难解释

2. How did you travel around the world?

　　　　　 I traveled by bike. ( 表方式，做状语)

II.　 by 的用法

介词，表示通过…方法或途径的意思，译成“靠，通过”，后面可加名词或名词短语。

e.g. 1) The house was destroyed by fire. 房屋被火烧毁了。

2) travel by air /land/sea. 航空(陆路，航海)旅行

3) go by train /boat/ bus　 乘火车(船，公共汽车)去

4) shake sb. by the hand 和某人握手

5) I study English by watching English movies. 我通过看英文电影学英语。

　　 另外，by作为介词的意义有很多，我们也已经学过一些用法，总结如下：

　　　　 1)在…旁边，靠近 e.g. There is a power station. 河边有一个电厂。

2)沿着，经由 e.g. come by the highway　 由公路来

3)由于 e.g. by mistake 由于差错

4)被，由 e.g. some articles written by Lu Xun.　 一些由鲁迅写的文章

5)表示面积 e.g. a room 5m by 4m　 一间长五米宽四米的房间

6)逐批 e.g. one by one　 一个接一个

III　 “How”questions

　　 How引导特殊疑问句有两种含义

1)　 1)　 表示问候，无须准确回答。

e.g How do you do?

　 How are you?

　　　 How is everything going?

2)　 2)　 表示“怎样”

e.g How is your new house? It’s great.你的新房子怎么样？它太棒了。

　 How do you learn English? 你是怎样学习英语的？

　 I learn English by reading lots of English magazines.我通过读大量英文杂志学习英文。

请同学们注意how 和what引导的疑问句是不一样的，不能混淆。

　 how 通常对程度或方式进行提问，意为“怎么样”，回答通常做状语或表语。

what常对动作的发出者或接受者进行提问，意为“什么”，回答通常做主语或宾语。

比较：1. How is your summer holiday? It is perfect.　 (表示程度，做表语)

4.确定自己的学习方法(Decide your suitable learning ways)

　 通过以上各个环节的学习，我们终于可以完成最后的目标--选择适合自己的方法。如何表达呢？目标句型如下：(注意要给出原因，练习使用because)

I think I can study English by …because…

e.g. I think I can study English by listening to English songs because I love music too.

I don’t think I can get an English tutor because I want to learn by myself at home.

3. 找出自己在英语学习中的困难(Find out your own difficulties in learning English)

　 要选择适合自己的学习方法，还必须清楚自己的困难所在，然后才能有的放矢。我们如何表达自己学习上遇到的困难呢？如何给出建议呢？请诵读下面的句型：

　 I have a problem. I can’t remember the new words.

　 I can’t pronounce some of the words.

　 I can’t understand spoken English.

　 I always make mistakes in grammar.

　 I read very slowly.

　 I don’t know how to speak English well.

给出建议：

　 You should read English aloud.

　 Listening can help you.

　 Why don’t you join an English language club to practice speaking.

　 Would you mind remembering new words by flashcards?

　 Please try to talk with your friends in English as much as possible.

2.学会评价各种学习方法的优劣 (Comment on the ways of learning English)

　 看到上面的学习方法，有些眼花缭乱。其实，并不是所有的学习方法都适合自己。我们要学会评价与判断，然后才能选择最适合自己的方法。用下面的语言进行评价：

　 I think studying English by… is … because…

e.g. I think studying English by working with a group is a good way because you can ask others when you have questions.

　 I think surfing the Internet is a bad way because you have to use a computer and always waste your time.

　　 这个句型较长,是个复合句, 出现了由because引导的原因状语从句。进入初三后，我们在写作表达时，要避免使用没有主句的because从句，而要写完整的句子。另外,在这句话中,我们看到了以动名词studying English为主语的句子。

如：不能写Because I slept late. 这样句意不完整，不清晰。

要写成 I missed the early bus because I slept late.这样有原因，有结果的句子才是完整的句子。

1. 本单元的话题是讨论如何学习英语。这个话题既有趣又实用，既能锻炼我们的语言能力，又能使我们学到一些实用的方法，对自身的学习大有帮助。如何向别人请教学习方法呢？又如何回答呢？请诵读下面的目标句型：

　 How do you study English?

　 I study English by listening cassettes.

　　　　　　　 by studying with a group.

　　　　　　　 by watching English programs on TV.

　　　　　　　 by enjoying English songs.

　　　　　　　 by taking part in English classes after school.

　　　　　　　 by getting an English tutor.

　　　　　　　 by reading English magazines and newspaper.

　　　　　　　 by surfing the Internet.

　　　　　　　 by making flashcards.

　　　　　　　 by reading the textbook.

　　　　　　　 by asking the teacher for help.

　　　　　　　 by making vocabulary lists.

　　　　　　　 by taking notes carefully.

　　　　　 　　by having the English class carefully.

　　　　　　　 by finishing my homework seriously.

　Do you learn English by…?

　 Yes, I do / No, I don’t.

Have you ever studied with a group?

Yes, I have. I’ve learned a lot that way.

What about listening to cassettes?

I do that sometimes. I think it helps.

5. Why don’t you join an English language club?

[重点难点释义](Language Points)

I. How to learn English ?

4. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?

3. I don’t have a partner to practice English with. May be you should join an English club.