addicted adj.成习惯而离不开- [重点用法] be addicted to sth／doing sth沉溺于--,专心做-- addict oneself to sth沉溺于--——青夏教育精英家教网—

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4.　 addicted adj.成习惯而离不开…

[重点用法]

be addicted to sth／doing sth沉溺于……；专心做……

addict oneself to sth沉溺于……

[典例]　

1) 50 million Americans are thought to be addicted to nicotine．据说有五百万美国人有烟瘾。

2) Many kids have now become addicted to surfing the Net．很多孩子现在沉迷于上网

3) He is an addicted traveler．他是个旅行迷。

[练习] 汉译英

1) 辍学后，他沉溺于烟酒中。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2) 不要再让自己陷入这样愚蠢的事情。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1) After leaving school, he was addicted to cigarette and alcohol. 2) Don’t addict yourself to such foolish things any longer.

试题详情

3.　 due adj. 应付的,到期的,预期的

[典例]

1) Their plane is due in 15 minutes. 他们的飞机预定在15分钟后到达

2) The electricity bill is due today . 今天该交电费了.

3) A great deal of money is due to you 这些钱应该付给你。

[重点用法]

due to因为……；归因于，归功于

be due to do sth.定于某时做某事

[练习] 汉译英

1) 由于这次全球性的金融危机，他被解雇了。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

2) 这次峰会将在一个非洲国家举行。

_______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1) He was fired due to the global financial crisis. 2) The summit is due to be held in an Africa country.

试题详情

2.　 ban n.&v.禁止；取缔；禁令

[重点用法]

ban…from sth./doing sth.禁止做某事

a ban on关于……的禁令

[典例]

1) From last June, there is a ban on offering plastic bags for free in supermarket.

从去年六月份开始禁止超市无偿提供塑料袋。

2) People are banned from smoking in many public places in England.在英国许多公共场所禁止吸烟。

[练习] 汉译英

1) 这儿的学生不允许带手机回校。

______________________________________________________________________________________

2) 禁止摩托车在我们这个城市引起很大的争论。

______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1) The students here are banned from bring cell phones back to school. 2) A ban on motorcycle caused great dispute in our city.

试题详情

1.　 abuse n.&v.滥用；虐待

[典例]

1) We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us”

　　我们滥用土地，因为我们把它当作属于自己的商品.

2) He greeted me with a stream of abuse, which made me feel sad.

他迎面对我一顿痛骂,这使我很难过.

[重点用法]

drug abuse滥用药品

child abuse虐待儿童

[练习] 汉译英

1) 滥用能源会给我们的子孙后代带来可怕的未来。

　　　　 ______________________________________________________________________________________

2) 根据最新的法律，家长也不允许在家中虐待儿童。

　　　 _______________________________________________________________________________________

Keys: 1) The abuse of energy will bring our offspring a terrible future. 2) According to the new law,

parents are also not allowed to abuse their children in the family.

试题详情

　 III 词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料)

1.　　　　stress n. 压力, 重点v. 着重, 强调, 重读	stressed adj.感到压力的	stressful adj 产生压力的
2. addict v. 使沉溺, 使上瘾	addiction n. 沉溺, 上瘾	addictive adj. 上瘾的
3.automatic adj. 自动的, 无意识的,	automatically adv. 自动地, 机械地
4.shame n. 羞耻, 羞愧,	ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的	shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的
prehension n.理解(力)	comprehend v.理解，领会	comprehensive adj.能充分理解的
6. judgment n.判断	judge v.判断	judge n.法官，裁判
7. illegal adj.不合法的	legal n.合法的
[练习]根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1) After a _______ week of work, all the employees were extremely ________ and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under ________.(stress) 2) Playing computer games is highly _______. Once you get _______to it, you will find it hard to get rid of it. Now, Henry, one of my classmate is fighting his _______ to the games.(addict) 3) As a _______, he has good _________ and never _______ a person by his appearance.(judge) 4) Doing any ________ anything will be protected in China, while doing anything　 _______will be punished.(legal) 5) The son was _______ to hurt his old mother in such a _______way and came to beg her pardon.(shame) 6) Some songs by Zhoujielun can not be _________ by us. To some old people, they are completely beyond________ . So, their grandson or granddaughters have to explain the songs in a more ________way to their grandparents.(comprehend) 7) When I saw a car rushing towards me at a high speed, I jumped aside __________. It was my _______ action that saved my life.(automatic) keys: 1) stressful; stressed; stress 2) addictive; addicted; addiction 3) judge; judgment; judges 4) legal; illegally 5) ashamed; shameful 6) comprehended; comprehension; comprehensive 7) automatically; automatic

IV 重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)

试题详情

I单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点)

词汇部分	词语辨析	1.stress/pressure/tension　 2. ban/forbid/prohibit　 3. effect/influence 4. ashamed/ shameful
词形变化	1.　　　 stress n. 压力, 重点v. 着重, 强调, 重读	stressed adj.感到压力的	stressful adj 产生压力的
2. addict v. 使沉溺, 使上瘾	addiction n. 沉溺, 上瘾	addictive adj. 上瘾的
3.automatic adj. 自动的, 无意识的,	automatically adv. 自动地, 机械地
4.shame n. 羞耻, 羞愧,	ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的	shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的
prehension n.理解(力)	comprehend v.理解，领会	comprehensive adj.能充分理解的
6. judgment n.判断	judge v.判断	judge n.法官，裁判
7. illegal adj.不合法的	legal n.合法的
重点单词	1.　　　　 abuse n.&v.滥用；虐待 2.　　　　 ban n.&v.禁止；取缔；禁令 3.　　　　 due adj. 应付的,到期的,预期的 4.　　　　 addicted adj.成习惯而离不开…. 5.　　　　 accustomed　 adj. 通常的 6.　　　　 quit vt.停止(作某事);离开 7.　　　　 survival n.幸存者
重点词组	feel like doing sth. 想要做某事　 take risks　冒险/at risk 处于危险之中 in spite of 不管;尽管　 get into陷入
重点句子	1. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time to quit smoking.
重点语法	It的用法(I)(见语法专题)

II 词语辨析　 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)

1). stress/pressure/tension压力

[解释]
stress指承受外来的压力，也可指由于某原因而引起的心理，生理或情绪上的紧张。
pressure指单位面积上所受的压力。或指某事物所产生的压力或影响。
tension多指关系不好或其他原因而出现的紧张状态，或指某物被过度伸展后呈现的状态。

[练习]选择stress/pressure或tension并用其适当的形式填空
1) More and more people cannot bear the ________ of modern life.
2) Don’t pull it any more. The great ________ will break the rope.
3) The patient is complaining of his feeling of _______ on his chest.
4) Nobody can work well under ___________.
Keys: 1) stress　 2) intension 3) pressure 4) pressure/stress

2). ban/forbid/prohibit禁止

[解释]
ban由于法律或社会压力而禁止，有谴责或不赞成的意味。搭配ban…from sth./doing sth.
forbid较常用。可是个人，也可以是国家，政府机关作出的规定和准则。搭配forbid sb. to do sth./forbid doing sth.
prohibit强调以法律或官方行政手段，或规章制度的形式加以禁止。搭配prohibit sb. from sth./ doing sth.

[练习]选择ban/forbid或prohibit，并用其适当的形式填空
1) After the accident, he was _______ from driving alone.
2) Our school ________ us to bring cell phone to school.
3) The law __________ the tobacco from being sold freely.
Keys: 1) banned 2) forbad 3) prohibits

3) effect/influence影响

[解释]
effect：能直接引起某种结果的影响
influence指对某人或物产生的潜移默化的影响。

[练习]选择effect或influence并用其适当的形式填空
1)The drug had an immediate __________ on the pain.。
2) My parents considered my friend to be a bad _______ on me.　
Keys: 1) effect 2) influence

4)ashamed/ shameful羞耻，惭愧的

[解释]
ashamed做表语，表示(人)感到羞耻，惭愧的
shameful指事情或行为本身可耻，不道德的。

[练习]选择ashamed或shameful并用其适当的形式填空
1) The boy was _________ to tell his mother that he had failed.
2) I was _______ of my ________ behavior at that time.
Keys: 1)ashamed 2) ashamed; shameful

试题详情

1.有一边长分别为8与5的长方形，在各角剪去相同的小正方形，把四边折起作成一个无盖小盒，要使纸盒的容积最大，问剪去的小正方形的边长应为多少？

解：(1)正方形边长为x,则V=(8－2x)·(5－2x)x=2(2x3－13x2+20x)(0<x<)