河南省实验中学2008-2009学年下期高三第二次月考

数学(文科)

试题详情

北京市2009届高三第二次模拟考试

语文试题

（总分150分  时间150分钟）

第I卷（选择题  共30分）

试题详情

北京市2009届高三第二次模拟考试

英语试题

（总分150分  时间120分钟）

第Ⅰ卷（选择题  共115分）

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节.(共5小题,每小题1.5分,共7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What can we learn from the conversation? 

A .Tim will play.            B. Tim will be punished.           C. Tim will read his books.

2. What do we know about the man? 

A. He wants to buy a table.     

B. He wants to have lunch.   

C. He wants to wait for someone.

3. What response does the man make to the woman’s words?

A. He thinks her words are true.  

B. He is against her suggestion. 

C. He accepts her suggestion.

4. How is the man getting to the appointment?

A. On foot.                    B. By bus.                        C. By bike.

5. What does the man want to do?

A. To return a ticket to the woman.

B. To stay in London.        

C. To buy a plane ticket.

第二节.(共15小题,每小题1.5分,共22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第 6至8题。

6. Why is the woman late? 

A. Because she got up late.     B. Because she forgot the time.   C. Because of the traffic jam.

7. What is the relationship between the two speakers?

A. Husband and wife.         B. Manager and secretary.        C. Professor and student.

8. What do we know about the samples of the new product?

A. It needs to be improved.

B. The man will mail it right away.

C. The man is a bit annoyed that the woman didn’t post it.

听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。

9. How soon will Kate turn eighteen?

A. Next month.        B. Next week.       C. In two weeks.

10. What does Kate want to learn?

A. Home repairing.       B. Motorbike driving.        C. Car driving.

11. Who has got her own car?

A. Linda.     B. Linda’s parents.       C. Kate’s father.

听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。

12. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In the street.               B. In the man’s office.               C. In the classroom.

13. What does the man ask the woman to do?

A. Have a talk with the new teacher.

B. Change Jimmy’s class.

C. Listen to her son’s opinion.

14. How does Jimmy feel about his Chinese teacher?

A. He prefers Miss Bright’s class.

B. He doesn’t like the new teacher.

C. He likes to learn from the new teacher.

听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。

15. How did the woman spend the weekend?

A. Staying in the library.    B. Working on a paper.     C. Relaxing at the seashore.

16. Why does the woman come home so soon?

A. She has a paper to work on. B. She is invited only for the weekend. C. She has an appointment.

17. Why did the woman have to stop playing in the volleyball game?

A. She had to finish her schoolwork.

B. She was too tired to continue.

C. She had to go home.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. What do we know about Barack Obama?

A. He has become the third black president in America.

B. He became the first black senator (参议员) in US history.

C. He was born in 1961.

19. What do we know about his parents?

A. His father is African while his mother is American.

B. His father is a white American while his mother is African.

C. His parents are both from Africa.

20. Which of the following is true about Obama’s life?

A. He started school in 1985.

B. His hard work made him a star at Harvard University.

C. He attended all-white schools when he was young.

第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

21. Nowadays working women bear a lot more pressure ________them from families and careers.

A. put on             B. put down           C. put aside             D. put away

22. How long do you think      Obama officially takes office in the White House?

A. it will be that       B. will it be until        C. will it be when        D. it will be before 

23. ______people say they want health food, McDonalds still makes billions of dollars each year. People say they want to work satisfying jobs, but end up running after the biggest paycheck. 

A. While             B. Unless               C. Whether            D. If

24. With their reputation ______in the milk powder incident, the food companies need ______ their image.

A. ruining, improving                           B. ruined, to improve 

C. to ruin, to be improved                        D. to be ruined, being improved

25. The more careful you are while writing a composition,______.

A. you make the fewer mistakes                   B. the few mistakes would you make 

C. the fewer mistakes you will make                D. fewer mistakes will be made

26. ―Did you pass the oral exam yesterday? 

―No, without luck. How I wish I ______ the pronunciation.

A. paid attention to                              B. could pay attention to      

C. had paid attention to                          D. pay attention to

27. How foolish I was to tell him all that sad news. ______that he had heart problems.

A. Little I remember                             B. Little did I remember 

C. Little that I remembered                        D. Mostly do I remember

28. --- I promise she ____ get a nice present on her twentieth birthday.

--- That will be a big surprise to her.

A. shall                B. should                 C. must              D. would

29. ― Can you turn down the radio, please?

―________.

A. Oh, I know                                   B. Sorry, I didn’t realize it was that loud

C. I’ll keep it down next time                      D. Please forgive me

30. ―Jack said he ______ to you as soon as he arrived.

   ―But he ______ yet.

A. would be writing; hasn’t                        B. was going to write; doesn’t

C. had written; didn’t                             D. would write; hasn’t

31. When I arrived I saw the place was already ______ by two strangers in uniforms.

A. conquered           B. occupied            C. possessed             D. owned

32. ______ is most important to me, I think, is my teaching course.

A. It                   B. This                 C. As                   D. What

33. It is at this point in my life____ I begin to reflect on what I’ve learned, and how well prepared I am for the life that I will face in the coming years.

A. where               B. when                C. and                  D. that

34. _____ , I believe, and you will find Tom is very outgoing.

A. Having a talk with the student            B. One talk with the student

C. Given a talk with the student             D. If you have a talk with the student

35. --- Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer?

---______________ will do, but milk is __________ popular with me.

A. Neither; not        B Both; more      C. Either; the most         D. All; the most

第二节：完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Girls that eat with their families are less likely to develop eating disorders, a study says.

New research shows girls who regularly have   36  meals are much less likely to adopt extreme weight control 37  such as vomiting(呕吐), using laxatives(泻药)or diet pills.

A study  38  more than 2500 American high school students found that girls who ate five or more family meals a week had a much healthier 39  with food in later life.

The research,  40 in international magazine Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, polled students aged 13 to 17 in 1999 who were  41  five years later. Regular family meals were found to have a protective effect 42  the girls’ age, weight, socio-economic status,  43 habits or relationship with her family.

   Experts say doctors should  44  families to have dinner at the table  45  on the couch in front of the television to _46_serious eating disorders.

Belinda Dalton, director of eating disorders clinic The Oak House, said  47  with family helped "normalize"(正常化) young people's relationship with food.

"When the young are feeling that they're not dealing properly, they  48  something that they can control and food is something  49   and accessible for them to control. 50  , if they're sitting with their family on a regular basis then their family can be more in  51  of their eating," Ms Dalton said. "It's about young people feeling  52  their family and that builds self-esteem (自尊) and sense of 53 and that works very actively against someone developing an eating disorder."

An eating disorders expert, Kirsty Greenwood, said meal times were often difficult for sufferers. "It's typical that they feel very   54  of their eating habits and often won't eat with other people. Perhaps it's because they haven't  55  the importance of the family meal in their growing up," she said.

36. A. personal             B. public               C. family         D. free 

37. A. behaviors                B. measures               C. progress         D. development

38. A. promoting              B. surveying               C. impressing  D. delivering

39. A. relationship             B. terms                   C. company  D. communication

40. A. reported                B. suggested              C. published          D. announced

41. A. kept up                 B. followed up     C. broken up D. taken up

42. A. in terms of              B. because of               C. regardless of      D. in honor of

43. A. dieting                 B. acting                   C. speaking  D. working

44. A. discourage              B. stimulate               C. encourage          D. teach

45. A. apart from              B. more than               C. other than          D. instead of

46. A. come to terms with     B. keep track of          C. keep away from D. get out of

47. A. chatting                  B. cooking               C. eating              D. functioning

48. A. find                   B. turn to                 C. ask for          D. require

49. A. available                B. reliable                 C. reasonable        D. responsible

50. A. Therefore                B. However              C. Clearly         D. Though

51. A. habit                 B. control                 C. convenience      D. ease

52. A. connected with   B. associated to            C. related with       D. linked to

53. A. cost                     B. expense               C. delight            D. worth

54. A. ashamed              B. proud                C. confident        D. self-esteem

55. A. experienced              B. accepted          C. profited          D. urged

第三部分 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)

    阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

   The United States government wants to know what the public thinks about its findings on the safety of cloned animals.

   The Food and Drug Administration says meat and milk from clones of adult cattle, pigs and goats are safe to eat. An FDA official called them “as safe to eat as the food we eat every day.” And when those clones reproduce sexually, the agency says, their offspring(后代)are safe to eat as well. But research on cloned sheep is limited. So the FDA proposes that sheep clones not be used for human food.

   The United States this year could become the first country to agree to the sale of foods from cloned animals. First, however, the public will have ninety days to comment on three suggested documents. On December 28th the FDA released a long report, called a draft risk assessment, along with two policy documents.

   The agency says it must receive comments by April second. The FDA seemed ready to act several years ago, but a committee called for more research.

   For now, the government will continue to ask producers to honor a request that they not sell foods from cloned animals.

   Clones are still rare. They cost a lot and are difficult to produce.

   The FDA says most food from cloning is expected to come not from clones themselves, but from their sexually reproduced offspring. It says clones are expected to be used mostly as breeding animals to spread good qualities.

   Public opinion studies show most Americans do not like the idea of food from cloned animals. But this research also shows the public knows little about cloning.

   Cloning differs from genetic engineering. A cell taken from a so-called donor animal is grown into an embryo(胚胎) in the laboratory. Next, the embryo is placed into the uterus(子宫) of a female animal. If the process is successful, the pregnancy reaches full term and a genetic copy of the donor animal is born.

56. What’s the main purpose of the passage?

A. To tell an interesting story.              B. To give some advice on foods.

C. To give a report.                       D. To compare different opinions.

57. Who believe that foods from cloning are safe to eat?__________

A. Most Americans     B. An advisory committee      C. Critics        D. The FDA

58. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_____.

A. cloning has much in common with genetic

B. not every cell taken from a donor animal can grow into a genetic copy

C. the donor animal should be a female one

D. cloned animals grow faster than normal ones

59. Which of the following is true about foods from cloning?_______________

A. They come from the sexually reproduced offspring of cloned animals.

B. The food from first-generation cloned animals is very expensive.

C. Only FDA has the right to sell the food.

D. They will be sold mixed with those from naturally bred animals.

                                                               B

UK SECRET BEACHES

   There’s no better place to be than beside the seaside in the summer. And even in Britain you can still find beaches away from the crowds with golden sand.

COMPTON BAY, ISLE OF WIGHT

This wide sandy beach is on the south west coast, between Freshwater and Brook and is part of the Tennyson Heritage Coast. There are striking views of the white cliffs further along the coast.    A coastal path passes behind the beach，and you can enjoy scenic cliff top walks in either direction.

   Accommodation: Sandpipers Hotel (01983 758150, www.sandpipersh.tel.com) with doubles from￡10pp.

KINGSGATE BAY, KENT

Around the beach round a bend in the coastal road from Ramsgate is white cliffs with  Kingsgate Castle dominating the whole landscape. It is fairly isolated，with few facilities，but is perfect for summer bathing or for bracing winter walks.

  Accommodation: Fayreness Hotel(0188 86866, www.fayreness.com) with doubles with breakfast from￡69. 15pp.

RINGSTEAD BAY, DORSET

A picturesque 210ft crescent(弦月状)of pebbles with clean water that’s a perfect escape from some of the busier beaches around Weymouth. You reach it by passing through the village of Upton，then along a narrow country road. Next to the car park is a well stocked shop. The cliffs behind Ringstead Bay are an excellent place for fossil hunting.

   Accommodation: Glenburn Hotel (01305 832318, www.glenburnhotell.com) with doubles from￡7 9 including breakfast.

   BRANSCOMBE.DEVON

  Lying on the East Devon Heritage Coast，Branscombe has good facilities with toilets and a car park close to the beach，as well as a small picnic area. A well stocked shop sells the most attractive dairy ice cream. Next to the shop is the Sea Shanty restaurant--open every day until 5 p.m. during the summer.

  Accommodation: The Mason’s Arms, Branscombe Village(01297 680300, www.masonsarms.co.uk)with doubles from￡6 5 pp with breakfast.

60. Which beach is the most wonderful place for summer bathing?_______________

A. COMPTON BAY.                            B. BRANSCOMBE.

C. KINGSGATE BAY.                          D. RINGSTEAD BAY.

61. If you want to know more information about Branscombe, which website can you refer to? ______

A. www.fayreness.com                           B. www.masonsarms.co.uk

C. www.yachuang100.com                        D. www.sandpipershotel.com

62. What’s the purpose of the passage? ________________

A. To attract more tourists.   

B. To describe some beautiful beaches.

C. To tell us the most beautiful places in UK are beaches.

D. To tell us where to spend summer.

                                                               C

   “It was amazing, just impressive,” Holly Budge, a 29-year-old British woman, said after making a safe landing at a spot 12,350 feet (3,765 metres) above sea level ― the highest “drop zone” achieved by a parachutist(跳伞者). “We had one minute of freefall and while we were above the clouds you could see Everest and the other high mountains popping out of the top,” she said.

Ms Budge and her two fellow daredevils, Wendy Smith, from New Zealand, and Neil Jones, from Canada, jumped out of an aircraft at about 29,500 feet, just higher than the peak of the world’s highest mountain. They fell at speeds reaching 140mph, past the highest ridges of the snow-covering Himalayas, before each released a parachute(降落伞). The jumpers wore oxygen masks to keep their lungs working as they fell. Wearing neoprene underwear（内衣） was compulsory ― to prevent them from being frozen to death.

The adventure, advertised by its organizers as “a feast for those who seek to stimulate all their senses to the full”, appeared to have lived up to its billing. “I had never seen so many mountains before,” Ms Smith said. “To be on top of the world was simply stunning（令人晕倒的）.”

The expedition also offered a way by which to celebrate her 30th birthday later this month, she said. Besides, her jump raised funds for charities in Britain and Nepal, including more than £10,000 for the Hampshire Autistic Society.

In the next few days the feat will be repeated by about 30 others, weather permitting. Each has paid at least £12,675 to High and Wild, the British adventure travel company behind the project. Ms Budge said: “It was worth the money. It is something that has never been done before.”

63. The three skydivers jumped out of the plane at an altitude of about _____.

A. 3765 meters          B. 8993 meters          C. 12,350 meters       D. 29,500 meters

64. It can be known from the passage that _____.

A. High and Wild is a new British adventure travel company

B. the aircraft took the jumpers to a height higher than the Himalayas

C. Ms Budge used to be an extreme sports enthusiast.

D. the three skydivers succeeded in landing at the top of the highest mountain.

65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?___________

A. The successful diving is a good way to celebrate Ms Budge’s 31st birthday.

B. This skydiving has set a new national record.

C. Ms Budge has managed to contribute all her money to charities.

D. As a wonderful experience, this skydiving is recommended to other people.

66. Which of the following must the skydivers make sure of according to the passage?

A. Taking a record book                        B. Donating some money

C. Having suitable weather                      D. wearing normal underwear

                                         D

    A small town in southwest Britain is banning(禁止) plastic bags in an attempt to help the environment and cut waste－a step that environmentalists believe is a first for Europe.

       Shopkeepers in Modbury population 1,500, agreed to stop handing out disposable plastic bags to customers on Saturday. They said paper sacks and cloth carrier bags would be offered instead.

       Last month, San Francisco became the first U.S. city to ban plastic grocery bags. Internationally, laws to discourage the use of plastic bags have been passed in parts of South Africa and Ireland, where governments either tax shoppers who use them or fine companies that hand them out. Bangladesh already bans them, and so do at least 30 remote Alaskan villages.

       Modbury, about 225 miles southwest of London, has also declared a bag ammesty(宽限期), allowing local people to hand in plastic bags that have piled up at home. They will be sent for a recycling.

       The Modbury ban was the idea of Rebecca Hosking, who saw the effect of bags on marine life while working in the Pacific as a wildlife camerawoman. She said response in the town so far had been “really positive”.

       “Modbury is quite an old-fashioned town and a lot of people have wicker(柳条) baskets to go out shopping anyway,” Hosking told Sky News Television.

The World Watch Institute, an environmental research agency, states that 100 billion plastic bags are thrown away each year in the United States alone. More than 500 billion are used yearly around the world.

67. What was Rebecca Hosking?

A. A photographer.     B. A woman scientist.       C. A sailor.      D. A lawyer.

68. The underlined word “disposable” in the passage probably means        .

A. acceptable           B. valuable     C. environmentally-friendly  D. long-lasting

69. It can be inferred from the passage that         .

A. most of the people in Modbury continue to use plastic bags

B. fewer and fewer plastic bags will be used in the world

C. San Francisco is the first city to ban plastic bags in the world

D. most countries in the world have passed laws to ban plastic bags

70. Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?

A. Environmental Protection             B. Big Cities Banning Plastic Bags

C. British Town Banning Plastic Bags       D. Effect of Plastic Fags on Sea Animals

                                                               E

The penny is getting a change. The United States Mint (制币厂) revealed four new designs for the 1-cent piece, to celebrate the coming 200th anniversary of President Abraham Lincoln's birth. United States Mint Director Ed Moy announced the new looks for the penny today in front of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. "These coins are a tribute (赞辞) to one of our greatest Presidents, whose legacy (遗教) has had a lasting impact on our country," Moy said.

The heads side of the new pennies will continue to bear the profile (侧面) likeness of President Lincoln and the motto "In God We Trust." The back sides will pay tribute to four major parts of Lincoln's life.

The first redesigned penny will feature a log cabin that represents Lincoln's birthplace, near Hodgenville, Kentucky. The second design shows Lincoln reading a book while sitting on a log with his ax beside him. It shows how yound Lincoln educated himself while working as a rail-splitter in Indiana. The third design shows Lincoln as a young man in front of the Capitol (议会会堂) in Illinois. The fourth and final design shows a half-finished United States Capitol dome, which was completed in 1863 despite the violent Civil War. The writing, on the back sides of the coins will remain "United States of America," "E Pluribus Unum" and "One Cent."

The first penny will be released into circulation on February 12, 2009, Lincoln's 200th birthday. This day is also the 100th anniversary of the release of the first penny, on February 12, 1909. One new coin will be released into circulation every three months in 2009.

"This is an important occasion in the history of our nation's coin-age because these designs represent the first change in the Lincoln cent in half a century," said Director Moy. A commemorative (纪念性的) Lincoln silver dollar will also be released in 2009.

71. Why does the United States Mint get the Lincoln cent changed?______________-

A. Because the design is out of date.

B. Because the design is doesn’t match Lincoln’s life.

C. Because the old coin is hard to be released into circulation.

D. Because the country wants to honour Lincoln on his 200th birthday.

72. Which is the correct order of the new coins according to the description in the passage?

A. a, b, c, d               B. b, a, d, c                C. c, d, a, b                D. b, c, a, d

73. How many new Lincoln coins will be released in 2009?______________

A. One.                      B. Three.                    C. Four.                     D. Five.  

74. All the newly designed coins feature the following EXCEPT _____.

A. the profile likeness of President Lincoln         B. the motto "In God We Trust"

C. the portrait of young Abraham Lincoln          D. the writing "United States of America"

75. Which of the following does Penny Image 4 show?__________________

A. Professional Life in Illinois.                          B. Presidency in Washington, DC.

C. Formative Years in Indiana.                          D. Birth and Early Childhood in Kentucky.

第Ⅱ卷（非选择题  共35分）

第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）

第一节  短文改错（满分10分）

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（√）;如有错误（每行只有一个错误）则按下列情况改正：

该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

该行少一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在右边横线上写出所加的词。

    该行错一个词：在错词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正的词。

注意：原行没错的不要改。

   Everyone can do something for our environment. For me,    76._______

I should try to save electricity in our daily life. For example,    77._______

if I am the last person leave the classroom in the evening, 78._______

I will always remember to turn on the lights. In order to           79._______

protect our forests, I will use paper wise. I should try                80._______

to use both sides of paper whenever it is possible. I would  81._______

not use things like paper cup and disposable chopsticks             82._______

because they are made of wood. I believe that by doing all 83._______

these small things will improve our environment but help          84._______

make our world the much better place to live.                         85._______

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）

假如你叫李华，最近你校响应教育部的要求，启动了冬季长跑活动。作为高三学生，你班同学就此议论纷纷，议论的主题是：高三学生要不要参加长跑和其他各种体育锻炼。请你根据下表所提供的信息，给English Evening写一封信，介绍大家的看法和你的观点。

注意：词数：100左右。

60%的学生认为

30%的学生认为

1．运动使大脑休息，使复习效果更好，应该每天进行体育锻炼。

2．可以做早操，打乒乓球，打篮球，但不要时间太长

3．锻炼能增强体质，减少疾病。

1．锻炼浪费时间。

2．锻炼使人疲劳。

3．运动以后很兴奋，较长时间不能复习功课。

4．运动中可能会受伤。

   There’s a lot of talk in my class about whether the senior 3 students should spare the time to take part in the winter long run program.                            

答案与解析

1-5:CBABC   6-10:CBABC   11-15:ABCAC    16-20:ABCAB

21.A考查动词短语辨析。这里表示家庭和自己的事业给她们的压力，用put sth on sb。

22.D考查句式结构和语序。注意本句不是强调句，而是it做主语表示时间，before引导时间状语从句的it be+一段时间+before引导的状语从句，表示“在……之前有多久，多长时间之后……”。句意：你知道奥巴马还要等多长时间才正式在白宫上任吗？

23.A考查状语从句的连词。这里用while引导从句表示对比，“尽管”：尽管人们说他们喜欢健康食品，可是麦当劳每年都有数十亿美元的进账。

24.B考查非谓语动词。第一空是独立主格结构，动词与前面的名词是动宾关系，用过去分词，表示在奶粉事件中这些公司“名声扫地”，第二空用sb need to do sth结构表示某人需要做某事，而不是sth need doing/to be done。

25.C考查形容词句式。这里用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构表示“越……就越”。从语境和选项看，A项的语序和时态不对，B项的形容词不对，D项差冠词，只有C项正确。

26.C考查虚拟语气。语境表示与过去实际情况相反的假设，用过去完成时，表示“我真希望当初注意自己的发音问题了”。

27.B考查倒装句。从语境看，本题用否定意义的副词little放在句首，句子用倒装句。

试题详情

北京市2009届高三第二次模拟考试

理综试题

（总分300分  时间150分钟）

第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共126分）

可能用到的相对原子质量：H―1 C―12 O―16 Na―23 S―32 Cl―35.5 K―39 Bi－209

选择题（本题共13小题，每小题6分,共78分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。）

1．下列物质或结构具有相同化学本质的是（  ）

A．β－珠蛋白DNA探针    胰岛素

B．RNA聚合酶结合位点    HIV遗传物质

C．生长素    2，4－D

D．RNA聚合酶结合位点    大肠杆菌质粒

2．在年初南方大面积冰雪灾害背景下，我国夏粮仍然获得丰收，实现了我国夏粮连续五年增收。我国先进的农业种植技术为这一成果的取得发挥了重要作用。下列关于农业生产的有关叙述错误的是（    ）

A．用相应根瘤菌拌种有利于豆科作物增产，施用圆褐固氮菌剂有利于小麦和水稻的增产

B．合理密植和边行优势效应的应用，为农作物的光合作用提供了充足的原料

C．土壤板结和阴湿天气将主要分别影响农作物对矿质元素的吸收和运输

D．农作物出现“烧心”现象时，说明体内水分缺失，应及时灌溉

3．美国研究人员发现，经历欧洲1918年大流感的幸存者至今仍对当时那一类流感病毒具有免疫力，这对流感疫苗的研究带来希望。下列与免疫相关的叙述错误的是（  ）

A．免疫过程中产生的抗体和记忆细胞是幸存者仍有免疫力的物质基础

B．疫苗进入机体与抗原结合，使抗原失去增殖能力，并形成沉淀等，由吞噬细胞予以清除C．以该病毒核衣壳蛋白为抗原制备的单克隆抗体不一定能诊断出流感病毒感染者

D．流感疫苗研究比天花疫苗研究困难，原因在于它们遗传物质的差别

4．下列与生态系统的有关叙述，正确的是（  ）

A．各类生态系统均由生产者、消费者和分解者组成

B．生物圈是一个自给自足的生态系统

C．碳在生物群落与无机环境之间的循环主要以CO₂的形式进行

D．通过光合作用同化太阳能总量为A的草场上，生活着一定数量的牛和羊，这些牛和羊均可最多获得A/5的能量

5．下图用不同形式表示了杂交瘤细胞产生抗体过程中，细胞中有关膜面积的变化，下列分析正确的是（  ）