1.　　　 Cleaning women in big cities usually get __________ by the hour .　　　　 NMET1998

A. pay　　　　 B. paying　　　　 C. paid　　　　　 D. to pay

解析 ：本题中get 相当于助动词be ，后面加过去分词构成被动语态，过去分词含有被动的作用，A项视为名词，表示工资应该说 get one’s pay ， B,D干扰不大，容易排除。故选C。

3．　 在被动语态中，如果要表明动作是谁发出的可用by短语来表示。过去分词作表语则可跟不同的介词短语。

注意下列几组句子中被动语态与过去分词作表语的不同之处。

(1)　　 The window was broken by a little boy.

The window is broken now.

(2)　　 We were all moved by her story.

Hearing her story, we are all moved.

(3)　　 The children were quickly dressed and taken for a walk in the garden.

The children were well dressed.

(4)　　 I was praised by the teacher for what I had done.

The teacher was satisfied with what I had done.

　 [高考焦点]

2．　 被动语态中若动作已经发生要用过去时态，而过去分词作表语表示一般的情况经常可以用一般现在时。

1．　 被动语态表示动作，过去分词作表语表示状态。

2.　　　 They often watch us play ball.

　 →We are often watched to play ball.

(五)被动语态与过去分词作表语的区别。

1.　　　 The boss made the workers work long hours before liberation.

→The workers were made to work long hours before liberation.

2.　　　 The students will put on a new play at the party.

　　　 →A new play will be put on at the party.

(四)在动词make, have, let, see, hear, watch, notice后，如有动词不定式作宾补时，须将不定式中的to省去。但改为被动语态时，to不能省。

1.　　　 They take good care of the children.

　 →The children are taken good care of.

2.　　　 Grandma Li told the children an interesting story.

(1)　　 The children were told an interesting story.

(2)　　 An interesting story was told to the children.

(三)某些动词短语的作用相当于一个及物动词，改为被动时不能丢掉后面的介词。

1.　　　 He gave me a new dictionary.

(1)　　 I was given a new dictionary.

(2)　　 A new dictionary was given to me.