66. He told us not to lose our hearts to TV .

65. His parents are all teachers .

64. I saw them enter into the room .

63. We‘ll begin the meeting from seven o’clock .

62. The train station is ten li far from here .

　　 状语从句在句中起状语作用，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。按其作用和意义可分为时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、比较、地点等九种。这些状语从句高中课本均有涉及，掌握其用法对我们学好主从复合句非常重要。下面将对其中难点作一些必要的提示，供同学们复习时参考。

　　 [思维1]时间状语从句。常用的引导词有 when , while , as , as soon as , before , after , since , until ( till ) , hardly… when … , no sooner …. than… 等。

　　 时态呼应。多数时间状语从句和主句的时态呼应比较明显，容易掌握。这里只说两点：其一，状语从句用一般现在时表将来。如：She will get married when she meets the right man。其二，在表“刚……就……”的句型 hardly .　 .　 . when 和 no sooner .　 .　 . than .　 .　 . 中，主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时，如果否定词置于句首，主句可用倒装结构。如：Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a loud noise .

　　 when 和 while 的选择。when 既可引导“点”时间，也可引导“段”时间。而 while 只能引导“段”时间。如：While I was reading she came in . ( 段时间，while 可换成 when )　 / When the clock struck twelve , all the lights went out . ( 点时间，只能用 when ) 。　　 难点3：until ( till ) 的用法。这两个词一般可互换，但 until 语气较强，可置于句首。另外还要注意，当主句的动词是延续性动词，要用肯定形式，表“到……为止”。如：Wait until he comes . 当主句动词为终止性动词，要用否定形式，表“直到……才……”。如：Don’t leave until he comes .　 　since 的难点。since 引导的状语从句中，动词可以是延续性的也可以是终止性的，都表示状态或动作的结束。这一点在理解时要特别注意。如：Great changes have taken place since you left . ( 终止性 ) It is years since he was in Beijing . ( was 是延续性，应理解为 was “在”这个状态的结果，即“自他离开北京以来”，而非字面上的“自他在北京以来”。 )

　　 [思维2] 原因状语从句。常用的引导词有 because , since , as。　　 难点1：because , since 和 as 的用法。because 表达一种充分理由，因果关系明显，语气较重，可回答 why 引导的问句，常置于主句之后 ( 强调时也可置主句前 ) 。而 since 和 as 指的是双方都知道的原因，语气较弱，不能用来回答 why 引导的问句，一般放在句子的开头。请注意领会下列句子。

I married her , not because she was rich , but because she was good - natured , clever and beautiful .

Since you don‘t understand , I will explain it again .

　　 关于表原因的连词 for。一般语法家把 for 看作并列连词，引导并列分句，功用与 because 等从属连词不同。这一点不必细究，但要明白，for 引导的分句，主要是补充说明原因，解释另一分句，不可回答 why 的问句。如 : He felt no fear , for he is brave .

　　 [思维3]目的状语从句。常用的引导词有 so that , that , in order that 等，放在主句之后。从句转换成不定式。目的状语从句可以转换为不定式，但只有主句和从句主语一致时，才能直接转换。例如：He works hard in order that he can serve the country well . ( 主从句主语一致可改为：He works hard in order to serve the country well . )

　　 [思维4]结果状语从句。引导词有 so… that … , such … that … , 等。放在主句之后，主句表原因，从句表结果。

　　 so 和 such 的用法。so 是副词，后面跟形容词或副词。而 such 是形容词，后跟名词 ( 组 ) 。但当名词被表数量的 many , much , few , little 修饰时，要用 so。例如：There were so many people in the street that we could hardly get through . 另外，可数名词单数，有形容词修饰，可把形容词提到不定冠词前，用 so 修饰形容词。例如：It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it .　 = It is so heavy a box that nobody can move it .

　　 [思维5]条件状语从句。主要引导词有 if , unless ( if … not … ) , as ( so ) long as ( 只要 ) 等。表将来，从句要用现在时态。如：You will fail unless you work harder .

　 　条件的真实性。英语中，条件可分为真实条件和假设条件两种。如果不可能或可能性不大，属于假设条件，需要用虚拟语气。

　　 [思维6]让步状语从句。主要引导词有 although ( though ) , as , even if , however , whatever , no matter who ( what ) 等。

　　 让步状语从句的倒装。由 as , though 引导的让步状语从句比较特殊，常使用倒装语序，即将表语或状语提前。如果表语是可数名词单数，要省略不定冠词。例如：

　 Rich as he is , I don’t envy him .

　　 Child as he is , he knows a lot .

[思维7]方式状语从句。引导词有 as if ( though ) , as , the way 等。

as if 引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气。如 : He is talking about the moon as if he had really been there . 但在 It looks as if…, It seems as if … 句型中常用陈述语气。如：It looks as if he is coming .

　 the way 的用法。the way 后面的引导词常用 that 引导，而且经常省略。一般不用 in which 引导。例如：We didn‘t like the way ______ he treated us . A . which B . where C . that D . in which。此题答案应该是C。

　　 [思维8]地点状语从句。主要引导词有 where , wherever , anywhere , everywhere 等。

　　 Where there is a will , there is a way .

　　 I will meet you anywhere you like .

　　 Make marks where you have any questions .

　　 [思维9]比较状语从句。常用 The more … the more , as 或 than 引导。

　　 I know more about it than he does .

　　 The more we can do for you , the happier we will be .

　　 [思维10]学习状语从句的两点注意：

　　 连词的误用。由于受汉语的影响，同学们常犯的错有 Because … so…　 , Since … so…　 , Although ( Though ) … but … 这些连词被重复使用了，应该任去一个。另外，状语从句和主句决不能用 and 连接。如 If you leave it with me , and I will take care of it . 此句应去掉连词 and , ’98NMET 第18题就考查了这个问题。

　　 [思维11]状语从句的省略。状主事从句有很多省略情况。其中时间状语、地点状语、条件状 语、方式状语从句常可省略句中主语和 be 动词而只保留形容词、分词、不定式、介词短语等。

　　 While ( she was ) very young , she began to study English .

　　 We will help you whenever ( it is ) possible .

　　 If ( it is ) necessary , ring me at home .

　　 She hurriedly left the room as if ( she was ) angry .

　　 另外，比较状语从句也常省略一些相同成分。例如： Tom studies as well as Lily ( does ) .

[动脑动手]

单元能力立体检测

汉语式典型错误题析 (下)

61. Although he is old , but he works hard .

15. 误：My uncle suggested me to get a job in the bank .

　　　 正：My uncle suggested　 ( my )　 getting a job in the bank .

　　　 析：suggest 不能和"宾语 + 动词不定式"结构连用。它后面可跟动名词式 that 从句。

14. 误：He tried to write with a ball- pen .

　　 正：He tried writing with a ball- pen .

　　 析：在 try 后面不定式表示"试图或努力去做某事"，用动名词表示试验一下某一种办法。

13. 误：Uncle Wang made a radio listen to the news .

　　 正：Uncle Wang made a radio to listen to the news .

　　 析：句中 make 是"制造"的意思，后面不定式是作状语，表示目的，因此要带 to。

12. 误：He refused answering any question .

　　 正：He refused to answer any question .

　　 析：refuse 的宾语要用不定式，而不能用动名词。这类动词有：hope , wish , ask , learn , agree , want ( 想要 ) ，care , promise , try , decide , deserve , expect , manage , offer , pretend 等。