2. convenient adj.便利的，方便的convenience n.便利，方便 conveniently adv.便利地
[典例]
1). Is it convenient for you to come next Sunday? 下个星期天你方便来吗？
2). I can’ t see him now; it’ s not convenient. 我现在不便见他。
[重点用法]
be convenient to sb. 对某人方便 It is convenient (for sb) to do sth. (某人)做某事方便
[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。
1). Come and see me _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (无论你何时方便).
2). We must arrange a ________ (convenience) time and place for the meeting.
3). I keep my reference books near by desk for _______ (convenient).
Keys: 1). whenever it’ s convenient to you 2). convenient 3). convenience
1. distinguish 辨别；辨认；(常与from, between连用)区别；区分
[典例]
1). I can distinguish them at a distance. 从远处我能认出他们。
2). The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。
[重点用法]
distinguish A from B 辨别A与B be distinguished from不同于……
be distinguished by 以……为特征 be distinguished for 因……而著称
distinguish oneself 显扬自己；使自己扬名
[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。
1). Can you distinguish _______ those two objects?
2). Children should be taught to _______ _______ _______ _______ (分辨好坏).
3). Speech distinguishes human beings _______ the animals.
4). The Chinese nation is distinguished _______ its diligence and courage.
Keys: 1). between 2). distinguish right from wrong 3). from 4). for
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1. mercy n.仁慈，宽容 |
merciful adj. 宽恕的 |
merciless
adj.残忍的；无情的 |
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2. abrupt adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的 |
abruptly
adv.突然地；粗鲁地 |
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3. expect
vt. 期待，预期， 指望 |
expectation n. 期待，预料，指望，展望 |
unexpected. adj. 想不到的，未预料unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地，想不到地 |
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4. freeze v.(使)冻结，(使) 结冰 n.冻结；冰冻期 |
freezing n. 冰点 adj. 冰冻的，严寒的 |
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5. practise vt.&vi. 实行； 练习；实习 |
practice n. 练习，实习，实践，习俗 |
practical
adj.实际的，实 践的，实用的 |
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[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。 1). This result was beyond my wildest ________ (expect). 2). She was subjected to the ________ (mercy) criticism of her opponents. 3). They asked her to be ________ (mercy) to the prisoners. 4). We must put our plans into ________ (practise). 5). Your invention is very ________ (practice). 6). The young girl practices ________ (play) the violin every day. 7). His father died _______ (expect), and it was ten years since they were last together. 8). We were _______ (freeze) cold in the tent last night. 9). Our conversation came to an _______ (abruptly) end when George burst into the room. Keys: 1). expectation 2). merciless 3). merciful 4). practice 5). practical 6). playing 7). unexpectedly 8). freezing 9). abrupt |
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1.
discover / find / invent |
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[解释] discover表示“偶然”或“经过努力”发现客观存在的事物、真理或错误。 find意为“发现，找到”，指对某种事物的寻求，也指对丢失的事物的找到。 invent 指设计或制造原来没有的东西。 |
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[练习]用discover，find，invent的适当形式填空。 1). Columbus _______ America in 1492. 2). You will _______ it a difficult book. 3). When did you _______ that she’ s married? 4). I’ ve _______ the book I was hunting for. 5). Alexander Graham Bell _______ the telephone in 1876. Keys: 1). discovered 2). find 3). found 4). discover 5). invented |
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2. hope
/ wish / expect |
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[解释] hope 后面只能接不定式和that从句，表示一种有信心的可实现的希望。 注意：① hope后不能接动名词作宾语，也不能用hope sb. to do sth. 结构。 ② 省略答语中，not不可放在hope前，如不能说I don’ t hope so.只能说I hope not. wish 通常表示有某种未实现或无法实现的欲望或希望，wish后跟从句时常用虚拟语气。 expect 表示“预期，盼望，期待，料想”，后面可跟名词、代词、不定式，that从句等。 |
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[练习]用hope，wish，expect的适当形式填空。 1). We _______ that our children will carry on our family traditions. 2). I _______ you a very happy future. 3). What do you _______ me to do? 4). Most of the parents _______ much of their children. 5). I am _______ a letter from her. 6). I ________ I were really wealthy. Keys: 1). hope 2). wish 3). wish / expect 4). expect 5). expecting 6). wish |
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3. bear / endure /
stand / tolerate |
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[解释] bear强调忍受者对痛苦、忧虑、烦恼以及责任的承受力，常用于否定句中。 endure意为“经受长期的艰难、困苦或折磨而不屈服”，强调持久力和意志坚强，常用于否定句中。 stand强调不屈不挠或经受得起，常用于否定句中。 tolerate意为“忍受某人或某种行为而不反抗”，语气最弱，可用于肯定句和否定句。 |
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[练习]用bear，endure，stand，tolerate的适当形式填空。 1). Our tent won’ t _______ another storm like the last one. 2). I can’ t _______ to wait any longer. 3). She’ s already had to _______ three painful operations on her leg. 4). I will not _______ that sort of behaviour in my class. Keys: 1). stand 2). bear 3). endure 4). tolerate |
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4. set off / set out
/ set about |
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[解释] set off “出发”，侧重于去某个地方。 set out “出发，开始”，侧重于开始做某事，还有规划，展现的意思，后加不定式。 set about “开始，着手”，与set out意思相近，后加v-ing形式。 |
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[练习]用set off，set out，set about的适当形式填空。 1). They succeeded in what they had _______ to do. 2). Having made up his mind, he _______ carrying out the plan. 3). If you want to catch that train we’ d better _______ for the station immediately. Keys: 1). set out 2). set about 3). set off |
根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：
Cloning is a way of _____1_____(make) an exact copy of another animal or plant. Cloning has two ___2____(主要的) uses. Firstly, gardeners use it to produce plants. Secondly, it is ____3_____(value) for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is straightforward but the cloning of animals is more____4______(复杂的). The procedure is difficult to ____5_____(开展). In 1996, scientists succeeded in ___6_____(clone)Dolly the sheep. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly was ill. _____7______ Dolly lived for six years, Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of _____8_____(object). Government became nervous and many ______9______(禁止) research into human cloning. Scientists still ____10______ whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.
(答案： 1.making， 2.major， 3.valuable; plicated; 5.undertake;ing; 7.Altogether; 8.objections; 9.forbade; 10.wonder.)
1. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 她(多莉羊)似乎生长正常的事实很鼓舞人心。
[解释] “that she seemed to develop normally”是一个同位语从句，作the fact的同位语。同位语从句一般由that引导，常放在fact，truth，news，information，idea，thought，hope，suggestion，advice，reply，remark，report等名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。当先行词是problem，question或当主句是表示疑问或否定意思时，连接词要用whether或其他的疑问代词或副词。如：
1). The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true. 他当选美国总统的消息是真的。
2). The question whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.
我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。
3). I have no idea where the new library will be built. 我不知道新图书馆将要建在哪。
[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词。
1). The truth _______ heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to us all.
2). The question _______ we ndde to spend more time on the project has not been discussed.
3). The explanation _______ he had met with an accident on his way was acceptable.
Keys: 1). that 2). whether 3). that
课文要点(模块)
4. be in good/poor/excellent condition 处於好的﹑坏的﹑极佳的状况
[典例]
1). The ship is not in a condition/is in no condition to make a long voyage. 此船的现状不适宜远航。
2). The car is still in excellent condition. 这小车状况极佳。
[短语归纳] condition 短语：
out of condition健康状况欠佳 working/living/syudying conditions工作、生活、学习环境
on condition (that)... 在……条件下；倘若…… on no condition 一点也不; 决不
[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词。
1). The car has been well maintained and is _______ excellent condition.
2). He’ s _______ excellent condition _______ a man of his age.
3). I had no exercise for ages; I’ m really _______ condition.
4). You can go out _______ condition that you wear an overcoat.
Keys: 1). in 2). in; for 3). out of 4). on
3. be bound to do 一定；注定(做)
[典例]
1). The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. 明天天气一定会变好。
2). You’ ve done so much work that you're bound to pass the exam. 你下了这麽大工夫, 一定能考及格。
[短语归纳]
[练习] 根据句子的要求在括号里填入所给词适当的形式或短语。
1). These problems were almost bound _______ (arise).
2). When you are dealing with so many patients, mistakes _______ _______ _______ happen.
Keys: 1). to arise 2). are bound to
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