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南京市2009届高三第一次调研测试

物     理                    2009.03

    本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第1卷(非选择题)两部分.共120分考试用时100分钟.

注意事项:

    答题前,考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号写在答题卡上.考试结束后,交回答题卡.

第I卷(选择题31分)

试题详情

湖北省2009年高考考前第二轮模拟试题㈣

语  文  试  卷

 

命制:高三语文组 青峰弦月

6ec8aac122bd4f6e
 

本试卷共150分。考试用时150分钟。

注意事项:

  1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

  2.选择题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。非选择题用黑色墨水的签字笔或钢笔直接答在答题卡上。答在试题卷上无效。

  3.考试结束,监考人员将本试题和答题卡一并收回。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分,共36分)

试题详情

南京市2009届高三第一次调研测试

                      英   语                  2009.3

本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。共120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项:

答题前,考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号写在答题卡上。考试结束后,将答题卡交回。

第一卷(三部分,共85分)

第一部分  听力(共两小节,满分20分)

做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?

A.£19.15.                        B.£9.15.                                   C.£9.18.

答案是B。

1. What does the man mean?

A. He thinks the money is helpful.

  B. He thinks the money is helpless. 

C. He wonders if the money will be helpful.

2. What’s the relationship between the two speakers?

A. Colleagues.                         B. Strangers.                        C. Friends.

3. Which bottle contains the window cleaner?

  A. The one in the kitchen sink.      B. The one with a red top. 

C. The one with a blue top.

4. When will the man see Mr Tailor?

  A. Before 12:00.                  B. At 12:00.                      C. At 12:30.

5. What does the dialogue tell us about Carol and Jessie?

A. They still remain good friends.

B. They no longer get on well with each other.

C. Carol betrayed Jessie.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C  三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟。听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. What did the man actually do?

A. He returned the shoes and got back his money.  

B. He changed the shoes for a bigger pair.

C. He bought another pair of shoes.

7. Why didn’t the woman accept the return?

A. Because the shoes were sold at a discount.

B. Because no shoes were allowed to be changed.

C. Because the man couldn’t find the receipt.

听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。

8. How many TV programs are mentioned in the dialogue?

  A. Two.                               B. Three.                   C. Four.

9. When does the news start?

  A. At 9:00.                         B. At 10:45.              C. At 11:00.

10. What can we infer from the conversation?

  A. The man will fall asleep before the end of the football.

B. There is more than one TV set in this house.

C. The woman is not a football fan.

听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。

11. What was the woman disappointed at?

   A. The speeches.                    B. Samantha’s pronunciation.

   C. The result of the competition.

12. According to the woman, how did most of the listeners feel about the result of the competition?

   A. They were astonished. B. They were excited.           C. They were satisfied.

13. What do the man and the woman disagree on?

   A. Whose speech was better.

   B. Whose pronunciation was better.

   C. Whose speech was meaningful.

听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。

14. What are they mainly talking about?

   A. Saturday’s game.    B. Derek’s injury.               C. Michigan’s game films.

15. Where does this conversation most likely take place?

   A. In the coach’s office.   B. On the playing field.   C. At the doctor’s office.

16. Where does the woman tell the man to go?

   A. To the hospital.              B. To his home.        C. To her office.

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

17. What does the story tell us about the old woman?

   A. She was found stealing in a bookstore.

   B. She admitted having stolen something.

   C. She seemed to be wrongly accused of stealing.

18. What did the department store accuse the old woman of?

   A. Stealing a book.    B. Stealing a handbag.    C. Stealing a greeting card.

19. What happened to the old woman after she was taken back to the store?

   A. She was questioned by the police.

   B. She was shut in a small room for 20 minutes.

   C. She was laughed at by the shoppers around her.

20. What was the store’s attitude towards this issue?

   A. They regretted having wrongly accused her.

   B. They still suspected that she was a thief.

   C. They agreed to pay her $3,000 damages.

第二部分  英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)

第一节  单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21. Babies are not born with ______ moral sense; they can’t tell ______ difference between right and wrong.

A. the; the                  B. a; a                          C. a; the                      D. 不填; a

22. Everyone in this country enjoys the same right ______ religion, race or sex.

A. regardless of            B. in view of                C. in spite of                 D. in case of

23. ―Isn’t it amazing that I met Francis at the Christmas party?

―Really? For how many years ______ each other?

A. didn’t you see        B. haven’t you seen      C. hadn’t you seen        D. don’t you see

24. He wrote a lot of novels, none of ______ was translated into a foreign language.

A. them                     B. what                      C. that                       D. which

25. ______ the working efficiency, the boss allows the employees to have a coffee break.

A. Improving               B. To improve             C. Having improved     D. Improved

26. ―Shall I ______ the raincoat?

―No hurry. Leave it ______ it is. It looks like rain.

A. put on; there                                                B. put on; where                 

C. put away;   in the place                                 D. put away; where

27. ______ we can’t remove our troubles in life for ever, we can leave them behind when we are on vacation.

A. When                 B. While                  C. Unless         D. Until   

28. As he has been well trained, this young man is ______ to be a teacher.

A. delighted       B. possible                 C. qualified               D. unable  

29. I can’t thank you ______ much because without your help I ______ have won the first prize.

A. too; wouldn’t          B. very; shouldn’t         C. that; might not          D. so; couldn’t

30. ―What has made him upset recently?

     ―______ alone to face a troublesome milk case.

A. Left                    B. Being left            C. Having left           D. To leave

31. Everyone has periods in their lives ______ everything seems very hard.

A. when                B. where                C. which                D. that

32. We can’t ______ our fate. Instead, we should take a positive attitude to the present situation.

A. submit to               B. correspond to         C. subscribe to        D. compromise to

33. ­­Hollywood star Sharon Stone’s words on Sichuan earthquake ______ her image. Nobody in China ______ her any more.

A. destroyed; would like                                B. has destroyed; likes

C. destroyed; will like                                     D. had destroyed; liked

34. ―What a successful Spring Festival Gala (春晚)! Who said we couldn’t make it?

     ―______.

A. Let’s kill the fatted calf                             B. Practice makes perfect

C. Actions speak louder than words                  D. A golden key can open any door

35. ―I can’t imagine Phelps smoking marijuana (大麻).

―______.

A. Nor am I                B. So do I                 C. Me, too           D. Me, neither

第二节       完形填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)

请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

There is a fine line between a parent who is active and open-minded and one that doesn’t know when to let go (放手). As my daughter, Nicole, prepares to leave home for college, I’m discovering how hard it is to stay on the   36   side of this line. When I hold   37   the apron strings (围裙带) connecting us, Nicole, eager to   38   independence, tries to loosen my grasp. What results is a (an)   39   mother-daughter, push-me, pull-you kind of tango.

For the past two years, it’s gone like this:

Mother’s question: “Have you thought of taking an advanced placement class (高阶课程) so that you can earn college credit?”

Daughter’s   40  : “No, I’m not interested in that.”

………

I bit my lip a few times and Nicole shot me a few glares.

Two months ago, she was   41   to a great university. However, I was still the mother having a   42   time letting go. The night before the introductory meeting of the university, I had read the course catalog carefully and   43   courses which I thought looked good. We met on the campus the next afternoon, and Nicole’s face   44   with excitement. “I have had my entire schedule figured out,” she said. “Already?” I was astonished,   45   she should have discussed it with me. I examined the schedule. Nicole hadn’t taken a (an)   46   one of the courses I had suggested. Every course she had chosen   47   suited her interests. Just then I saw a mature, capable young woman with a   48   mind and the ability to shape her future. She no longer needed her mother   49   every decision she made. I felt proud, though still a bit   50  .

I   51   the lessons carefully. Nicole has struggled to learn over the past 18 years:   52  , sympathy, and hard work. There have been a few holes along the way.   53  , she is well-equipped and eager to   54   the future. The next step, I recognized, was mine to take: giving my daughter and myself the   55   we both needed.

36. A. left                            B. right                        C. either                       D. each

37. A. onto                   B. up                           C. back                        D. out

38. A. keep                   B. refuse                      C. taste                         D. bear

39. A. awkward             B. relaxing                   C. lively                       D. beautiful

40. A. comment            B. word                        C. concept                    D. response

41. A. received                     B. invited                            C. treated                            D. accepted

42. A. good                  B. great                        C. hard                         D. easy

43. A. taken                  B. underlined                C. offered                            D. emphasized

44. A. lit up                  B. built up                    C. turned up                 D. made up

45. A. imagining           B. thinking                   C. hoping                            D. adding

46. A. only                   B. just                          C. even                        D. single

47. A. mostly                B. hardly                      C. exactly                            D. slightly

48. A. sharp                  B. normal                            C. different                   D. typical

49. A. encouraging        B. evaluating                C. disagreeing               D. agreeing

50. A. anxious               B. excited                            C. sad                          D. tense

51. A. reviewed             B. observed                  C. checked                    D. studied

52. A. competence         B. creativity                  C. responsibility            D. confidence

53. A. Therefore            B. Instead                            C. Still                         D. Besides

54. A. embrace                     B. discover                   C. determine                 D. control

55. A. character             B. strength                    C. relief                       D. independence

第三部分  阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild, according to a study sure to cause debate about keeping the giant animals on display. Researchers compared the life spans of elephants in European zoos with those living in Amboseli National Park in Kenya and others working on a timber (木材) enterprise in Burma. Animals in the wild or in natural working conditions had life spans twice that or more of their relatives in zoos.

Animal care activists have urged in recent years to discourage keeping elephants in zoos, largely because of the lack of space and small numbers of animals that can be kept in a group.

The researchers found that the median life span for African elephants in European zoos was 16.9 years, compared with 56 years for elephants who died of natural causes in Kenya’s Amboseli Park. Adding in those elephants killed by people in Africa lowered the median life span there to 35.9 years. For the more endangered Asian elephants, the median life span in European zoos was 18.9 years, compared with 41.7 years for those working in the Burma Timber Enterprise. Median means half died younger than that age and half lived longer.

There is some good news, though. The life spans of zoo elephants have improved in recent years, suggesting an improvement in their care and raising, but “Protecting elephants in Africa and Asia is far more successful than protecting them in Western zoos.”

There are about 1,200 elephants in zoos, half in Europe, researchers concentrated on female elephants, which make up 80 percent of the zoo population. One amazing thing was that Asian elephants born in zoos had shorter life spans than those brought to the zoos from the wild.

Zoos usually lack large areas that elephants are used to in the wild, and that zoo animals often are alone or with one or two other unrelated animals, while in the wild they tend to live in related groups of 8 to 12 animals. In Asian elephants, baby death rates are two to three times higher in zoos than in the Burmese logging camps, and then, in adulthood, zoo-born animals die young. People are not sure why.

56. What is argued in this passage?

A.     Zoo elephants don’t live as long as those in the wild.

B.      Elephants should not be on display.

C.      Asian elephants are in danger.

D.     Asia is far more successful protecting elephants in zoos.

57. What does the underlined word “median” mean according to the passage?

A. Average.     B. Longest.    C. Shortest.     D. Ordinary.

58. Which of the following is NOT the disadvantage of keeping elephants in zoos?

A. Limited number of relatives.      B. Lack of space.

C. Shorter life span.               D. Less attention.

59. Who does the writer of the passage expect to pay more attention to the issue addressed?

A. Zoologists.   B. Zoo Visitors.       C. Animal care activists.   D. The public.

B

Teaching Boys: Developing classroom practices that work

Amanda Keddie and Martin Mills

Bridges the gap between theory and practice to offer a practical and sustainable framework for teaching boys in classrooms of all levels.

Sales points

• Teaching boys remains one of the most concerned issues in education today

• Many books have been published analysing why boys perform less well than girls, and why some boys struggle at school. But they don’t show teachers what will work: this book does

• The authors offer a research-based framework for classroom strategies that work with boys―and don’t disadvantage girls

Description

Boys’ education continues to be a focus of public anxiety among teachers. Concern about boys’ general educational under-achievement and the impact this under-achievement has on the boys themselves, as well as on the broader society, continues to fuel disagreement and debate on the best approach to take in response.

Teaching Boys provides a framework for developing practical and sustainable ways to improve boys’ education.

The book indicates how what teachers do in the classroom can enable boys’ academic and social outcomes. With detailed case studies, Keddie & Mills outline a range of practical classroom strategies that will assist teachers to meet the challenge of teaching boys, without neglecting the girls in the process.

About the Author

Amanda Keddie is a researcher at the University of Queensland. Her research interests and teaching areas focus on classroom teaching, curriculum and educational sociology.

Martin Mills is Associate Professor in the School of Education at the University of Queensland. He has written several books, and is co-author of Teachers and Schooling Making a Difference (Allen & Unwin, 2005).

60.   The purpose of this passage is ________.

A. to promote classroom teaching

B. to advertising a book

C. to analyzing boys’ academic performance

D. to introduce two educators

61.   What problem is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Boys’ general educational under-achievement and its impact.

B. Teachers’ anxiety to teach boys.

C. Lack of practical strategies for teaching boys.

D. Public opinions on classroom teaching.

62. The book Teaching Boys is intended for ________.

A. parents            B. teachers                 C. students                D. boys

63. What can we know from the passage?

A. Teachers’ concern makes the disagreement and debate on the best approach more heated.

B. Teachers’ concern brings about the disagreement and debate on the best approach.

C. The strategies recommended by the book are of no benefit to girls.

D. Teaching boys to improve their achievement is a newly-raised issue.

                   

C

Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault (断层), which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes. But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?

Between December of 1811 and February of 1812, three major earthquakes occurred, all centered around the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe. Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks opened in the ground, releasing some strong smell chemicals.

The Mississippi River itself completely changed character, developing sudden rapids and whirlpools (激流和漩涡). Several times it changed its course, and once, according to some observers, it actually appeared to run backwards. Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes, probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811; but the severity of the earthquakes are shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks were stopped in Washington, D.C.

Scientists now know that America’s two major faults are essentially different. The San Andreas is a horizontal (水平的) boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions. California earthquakes result when the two masses make a suddenly move.

The New Madrid fault, on the other hand, is a vertical fault; at some point, possibly hundreds of millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes under the surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motions cause earthquakes in the region. The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracks that split off from it, extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern Illinois.

Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811; these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming, but the scientists say they have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.

64. This passage is mainly about ________.

A. the New Madrid fault                     B. the San Andreas

C. the causes of faults                  D. current scientific knowledge about faults

65. Which of the following pictures best describes the type of the New Madrid fault?

www.ks5u.com

A.                                         B.

.     www.ks5u.com            

 C.                                                                            D.

www.ks5u.com

 

66. This passage implies that ________.

A. horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faults

B. vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faults

C. a lot of people would die if the 1811 New Madrid earthquakes happened today

D. the volcanoes that caused the New Madrid fault are still alive.

D

(Mr Jones, the owner of a farm, was one day driven out of the farm by all the animals he raised. The animals were excited to be free and independent. More important, they were masters of their own and, of course, their farm. Animals made seven rules of their own and Snowball painted them on the wall.)

           

1.       Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.

2.       Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a freind.

3.       No animal shall wear clothes.

4.       No animal shall sleep in a bed.

5.       No animal shall drink alcohol.

6.       No animal shall kill any other animal.

7.       All animals are equal.

It was very neatly written, and except that “friend” was written “freind” and one of the “S’s” was the wrong way round, the spelling was correct all the way through. Snowball read it aloud for the benefit of the others. All the animals nodded in complete agreement, and the cleverer ones at once began to learn the Commandments by heart.

 “Now, comrades,” cried Snowball, throwing down the paintbrush, “to the hayfield! Let us make it a point of honor to get in the harvest more quickly than Jones and his men could do.”

But at this moment the three cows, who had seemed uneasy for some time past, let out a loud lowing. They had not been milked for twenty-four hours, and their udders were almost bursting. After a little thought, the pigs sent for buckets and milked the cows fairly successfully, their trotters (蹄子) being well adapted to this task. Soon there were five buckets of frothing creamy milk at which many of the animals looked with considerable interest.

 “What is going to happen to all that milk?” said someone.

 “Jones used sometimes to mix some of it in our food,” said one of the hens.

 “Never mind the milk, comrades!” cried Napoleon, placing himself in front of the buckets. “That will be attended to. The harvest is more important. Comrade Snowball will lead the way. I shall follow in a few minutes. Forward, comrades! The hay is waiting.”

So the animals trooped down to the hayfield to begin the harvest, and when they came back in the evening it was noticed that the milk had disappeared.

67. Who is the leader of the animals?

A. Snowball.       B. Jones.         C. Napoleon.     D. Cows.

68. When does the story take place?

A. In spring.              B. In summer.    C. In fall.               D. In winter.

69. What can we infer from the story?

A. The animals are having a revolution.

B. The animals are doing a play.

C. The animals don’t think they are equal.

D. The animals will live a harmonious life.

70. Who is indicated as the animals’ enemy?

A. The chicken.           B. The human being.     C. The cow.               D. The pig.

第四部分  任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意:每空格1个单词。

Going up to university to study for a degree means you have decided to study professionally, rather than as an amateur; so being a student is now your profession for at least the next four years.

This involves a change of attitude in many ways. Now, instead of taking several subjects, you have chosen one major subject because you find it interesting and worth exploring further. You also have before you the goal of getting a degree. The degree and the stages you have to pass through to achieve it give you motivation. You are no longer forced to stay in school all day, and apart from your class time, you organize your own time and place for studying.

Another change is in the relationship with those who teach you. You are there to study actively rather than to be taught passively. Your teachers may or may not urge you, but they do want you to share their interest in the subject and they want you to succeed. If you get work back with a poorer mark than you expected and with various criticisms, don’t feel discouraged by this; if you don’t understand what is wrong and how to improve, ask your teacher to explain and don’t be satisfied until you do understand.

Professionalism involves training and practicing. Some activities, like reading, note-taking, speaking and discussing are basic to studying. Make sure you can do these effectively. You have to use time well, and practice to improve your skills.

Effective reading is part of your training. Since it is a learned skill we can change the way we did since in primary school and relearn it. Learn how to read fast―how to read with your eyes rather than your throat, how to ignore words like “of” and “the”, and how to keep what you read.

You take notes in class for yourself, not for anyone else, so make your notes easy to read, economical and pleasing to the eye. Vary the arrangement on the page to suit the material (diagrams, columns, underlining), use colored pens for different topics to catch the eye and make things stand out. Work out your own shorthand speedwriting.

Group discussions give you a chance to train your ability to express yourself. Don’t be the non-speaking member of the group. Take an active part in the discussion. In the future you are almost certainly going to have to be good at speaking, so get into the way of talking about your subject now. This is actually more fun than sitting being silently uncomfortable. Nobody will think what you say is foolish. Everyone will be thankful not to face embarrassed silence.

 

文本框: Title: On being a university student

 

文本框: (71)      : You need to know the changes in studying in university and improve some studying skills so that you can study professionally for a (72)       .

 

 

 

文本框: The (73)       between studying in             
the middle school and in the university
文本框: How to improve some study skills

 

文本框: In the university:
l Choose a major subject by yourself;
l Study (75)       and wherever you want to after class.
l Study actively.
文本框: In the middle school:
l Take several subjects;
l Be (74)       to stay in school all day.
l Be taught passively. 
文本框: Reading:	
l Read (76)       and don’t move your lips;
l (77)       spending time on some meaningless words;
l Stay interested in reading.
文本框: Discussing:
l Speak (80)       in group discussion;
l Talk about your subject.
文本框: (78)      :
l Arrange differently on the page;	
l Write in different 
(79)       for different topics;
l Use your own quick-writing way.
                        

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

第五部分  书面表达(满分25分)

自1978年以来,我国海外留学生回国人数逐年上升。请在Shanghai Daily上发表一篇文章,根据图表叙述海外人员归国情况,分析回流原因,并希望更多的海外学者回国创业。

回归原因:

1.国家重视,政策优惠;上海还提供更国际化的生活方式。

2.我国经济高速发展,回国发展空间大。

3.……(请自拟)

1978                              2007  2008  2009

7000

15,000

37,000

(占全国回归人员25%)

 

 

要求: 1)可根据内容要点适当增加细节,使行文连贯。

       2)词数:150字左右。短文开头已为你写好,不计入词数。

参考词汇:制定政策 work out policies      海归人员 returnee

 

There has been a reversal of the brain drain since 1978 across the country.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

试题详情

江苏省南京市2009届高三第一次调研测试

政治2009.03

 

    本试卷分第1卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。共120分。考试用时100分钟。

注意事项:

    答题前,考生务必将自己的学校、姓名、考试号写在答题卡上。考试结束后,交回答题卡。

第1卷(选择题,共66分)

试题详情

湖北省2009年高考考前第二轮模拟试题㈤

语  文  试  卷

 

命制:高三语文组 青峰弦月

6ec8aac122bd4f6e
 

本试卷共150分。考试用时150分钟。

注意事项:

  1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

  2.选择题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。非选择题用黑色墨水的签字笔或钢笔直接答在答题卡上。答在试题卷上无效。

  3.考试结束,监考人员将本试题和答题卡一并收回。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分,共36分)

试题详情

石家庄市高中毕业班第一次模拟考试

理科综合测试题

可能用到的相对原子质量:

As―75   C―12   N―14   O―16   Na―23   Mg―24   Al―27  S―32  Cl―35.5

试题详情

南宁二中08―09学年度高三质量测试

文科综合试题

 

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,考试结束后,将答题卡呈答题卷上交。

 

第Ⅰ卷(选择题  共140分)

 

下列各题的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的,请把所选答案填入相应的答题卡中。每小题4分,共140分。

       读图I“我国某地区月等温线图”,回答1―5题。

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.图中三条28℃等温线将图示地区划分为甲、乙、丙、丁四个区域,其中温度相对较低的区域为                                                   (    )

       A.甲、乙               B.丙、丁               C.甲、丙               D.乙、丁

2.图中M地气温区别于周围地区的影响因素是                                                     (    )

       A.纬度位置        B.大气环流            C.地形地势        D.海陆位置

 

3.图示地区典型的自然植被类型为                                                                        (    )

       A.温带落叶阔叶林

       B.亚热带常绿阔叶林

       C.亚热带常绿硬叶林

       D.热带季雨林

4.图示地区河流最主要的补给水源是                                                                    (    )

       A.冰川融水           B.雨水              C.积雪融水            D.地下水

5.下列关于图示地区河流特征的叙述正确的是                                                      (    )

       ①径流量丰富          ②汛期短                 ③流速缓慢             ④落差较大

       ⑤结冰期短             ⑥含沙量较小

       A.①④⑥           B.②④⑤          C.①③⑤             D.②③⑥

6.下表为亚洲某地干湿年份出现的概率及农作物收益(无/亩)的统计。表中显示收益受干湿变化影响最大的农作物是                                                                (    )

       干旱程度

极旱年

干旱年

平年

湿润年

极湿年

发生概率

0.1

0.2

0.4

0.2

0.1

农作物收益

水稻

100

126

180

200

220

小麦

250

210

170

120

80

大豆

120

170

230

170

110

燕麦

118

130

170

190

210

       A.水稻                   B.小麦                   C.大豆                   D.燕麦

7.依表中数据也可知该地区经营者首选种植的农作物是                                        (    )

       A.水稻                   B.小麦                   C.大豆                   D.燕麦

       高空的冰晶、雪花下降到距地面2000~3000

米时,因周围温度升高而融化成低于0℃的过冷

却水滴,当这些过冷却水滴接触到温度低于0℃

的地面或物体时,就会迅速冻结成晶莹透明的冰

壳,即形成冻雨现象。

8.冻雨现象最有可能出现在图中的                                                                        (    )

       A.①处                   B.②处                   C.③处                   D.④处

9.当某地区出现冻雨现象时,该地区                                                                    (    )

       A.处在单一气团的控制下                      B.上空有逆温层存在

       C.正值春秋季节                                    D.地下潜水位迅速上升

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10.如果上图为南半球,北京 时间为                                                                    (    )

       A.0时                    B.8时                    C.12时                  D.16时

11.如果上图为北半球,下列地理现象可能出现的是                                              (    )

       A.此时太阳直射点位于赤道                   B.湄公河正值汛期

       C.三江平原正值小麦收获季节               D.巴西高原草木繁茂

12.孟子认为“善政不如善教之得民也,善政民畏之,善教民爱之,善政得民财,善教得民心,”贞观二年,唐太宗对大臣们说:“国以人为本,人以衣食为本”。在表达民本思想时,唐太宗用词不同于孟子的原因主要是              (    )

       A.唐太宗认为孟子的思想需要补充        B.唐朝的语言习惯与战国时期不同

13.右图体现了战国时音乐的发展水平,该乐器出土于                                          (    )

       A.陕西半坡            B.湖北随州           

       C.湖南长沙            D.浙江余姚

14.2008年1月2日,青海昆仑玉被北京奥组委正式

确定为2008北京奥运会奖牌用玉。昆仑玉、和

田玉处于昆仑山脉同一成矿带上,可谓是同宗姐

妹。青海昆仑玉原料储备充分,块体大,利于满

足雕琢同一物体同质地的要求。如果用昆仑玉在今新疆和田雕塑一位历史人物以纪念他经营西域地区的功绩,并展现我国玉文化的底蕴。选择下列哪一位人物最恰当(    )

       A.张骞                   B.窦固                   C.司马迁               D.班超

15.“漫天坠,扑地飞,白占许多田地。冻杀吴民都是你,难道是国家祥瑞!”从文学形式上看,这折小令是                                                  (    )

       A.宋词                   B.元杂剧               C.元散曲               D.汉乐府诗

 

 

 

 

 

16.下列说法错误的有                                                                                           (    )

       ①秦朝规定教育由官府举办,严禁私学,实行愚民政策

       ②汉代允许自身不服役的人可以出钱由官府雇人代替

       ③隋唐百炼钢技术已相当成熟

       ④隋炀帝令人在北方修筑的南北走向的驰道是由涿郡到并州

       ⑤唐玄宗实行的募兵制在当时有利于生产的发展

       ⑥宋太祖时废除了丞相

       ⑦郭守敬创制的简仪是用来测量天体位置的仪器

       ⑧《大明律》对贪污贿赂罪严惩不贷

       ⑨清朝前期把全国划分为包括蒙古在内的25个省极行政区域

       A.②③⑥⑧            B.①④⑤⑦⑨        C.①②⑤⑥⑦⑧     D.③④⑥⑨

17.西欧有一句名谚:“中国人的头,阿拉伯人的口,法兰西人的手。”结合对古代科技史的理解,下列说法不正确的是                                                                    (    )

       A.中国人的勤劳智慧创造了领先世界的科技成就

       B.古代欧洲科技注重实验,比中国科技水平更高

       C.欧洲吸收和借鉴中国科技成就,形成近代科学

       D.阿拉伯人在东西方文化交流中起到了桥梁作用

18.清政府正式派官员和商人携物出洋赴赛,始自1876年美国费城举办的国际博览会。……大清国的展品“物件悉遵华式,专为手工制造,无一借助机器”。经评判,中国赛品“以丝、茶、瓷器、绸货、雕花瓷器、景泰器,在各国中推为第一。”材料反映了              (    )

       ①中国的传统手工业产品仍驰名中外      

       ②鸦片战争以后西方商品的输入对中国传统的手工业冲击不大

       ③机器工业优势地位尚未形成

       ④清政府的政策逐渐发生了变化

       A.①②③               B.②③④               C.①③④               D.①②③④

19.以康有为和梁启超为代表的资产阶级维新派领导的戊戌变法                            (    )

       A.在军事方面主要是改习洋操,实行募兵制,添设海军

       B.以“公车上书”为序幕,前后延续了103天,史称“百日维新”

       C.将维新思想付诸于实践,动摇了封建政治制度

       D.因“戊戌政变”而夭折,但它促进了中国人民的觉醒

20.革命统一战线建立前,中国共产党提出“中国现存的各政党,只有国民党是比较革命的民主派,是比较真的民主派”的主要依据是                                          (    )

       A.孙中山领导国民党坚持反帝反封建斗争                            

       B.国民党建立了根据地和军队

       C.其领袖孙中山站在无产阶阶级立场上

       D.国民党代表资产阶级和小资产阶级的利益

 

 

试题详情

湖北省2009年高考考前第二轮模拟试题㈠

语  文  试  卷

 

命制:高三语文组 青峰弦月

6ec8aac122bd4f6e
 

本试卷共150分。考试用时150分钟。

 

注意事项:

  1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

  2.选择题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。非选择题用黑色墨水的签字笔或钢笔直接答在答题卡上。答在试题卷上无效。

  3.考试结束,监考人员将本试题和答题卡一并收回。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题部分,共36分)

试题详情

化学方程式万能配平方法

化学反应方程式配平

(一)最小公倍数法

这种方法适合常见的难度不大的化学方程式。例如,KClO3→KCl+O2↑在这个反应式中右边氧原子个数为2,左边是3,则最小公倍数为6,因此KClO3前系数应配2,O2前配3,式子变为:2KClO3→KCl+3O2↑,由于左边钾原子和氯原子数变为2个,则KCl前应配系数2,短线改为等号,标明条件即:

2KClO3==2KCl+3O2↑

(二)奇偶配平法

这种方法适用于化学方程式两边某一元素多次出现,并且两边的该元素原子总数有一奇一偶,例如:C2H2+O2――CO2+H2O,此方程式配平从先出现次数最多的氧原子配起。O2内有2个氧原子,无论化学式前系数为几,氧原子总数应为偶数。故右边H2O的系数应配2(若推出其它的分子系数出现分数则可配4),由此推知C2H2前2,式子变为:2C2H2+O2==CO2+2H2O,由此可知CO2前系数应为4,最后配单质O2为5,写明条件即可:

2C2H2+5O2==4CO2+2H2O

(三)观察法配平

有时方程式中会出现一种化学式比较复杂的物质,我们可通过这个复杂的分子去推其他化学式的系数,例如:Fe+H2O――Fe3O4+H2,Fe3O4化学式较复杂,显然,Fe3O4中Fe来源于单质Fe,O来自于H2O,则Fe前配3,H2O前配4,则式子为:3Fe+4H2O=Fe3O4+H2↑由此推出H2系数为4,写明条件,短线改为等号即可:

3Fe+4H2O==Fe3O4+4H2↑

【注】本词条的化学方程式中,未加粗体的为下脚标.

[编辑本段]配平诗集

这部分诗包括六首小诗,前五首向你介绍了化学反应方程式的五种配平方法,第六首诗告诉你在实际配平过程中,如何灵活巧妙地运用这五种方法。如果你能记住并理解这六首小诗,那么你就可以自豪地说:“世界上没有一个化学反应方程式我不会配平……”

岐化反应的简捷配平法

三种价态先标记,

两者相减第三系。

若有约数需约简,

悠然观察便配齐。

说明:

1、岐化反应又称自身氧化还原反应,在岐化反应中,同一种元素的一部分原子(或离子)被氧化,另一部分原子(或离子)被还原。如:

KCIO3 → KCIO4+KCI

S+KOH → K2S+K2SO3+H2O

2、这首诗介绍的是岐化反应的一种简捷配平方法。用该方法配平,简捷准确,速度可谓神速!

解释:

1、三种价态先标记:意思是说岐化反应简捷配平法的第一部是首先标记清楚反应式中不同物质分子中发生岐化反应的元素的化合价。如:

S0+KOH → K2S-2+K2S+4O3+H2O

2、两者相减第三系:意思是说任意两个化合价的变化值(绝对值),即为第三者的系数。

3、若有约数需约简:意思是说由第二步得到的三个系数若有公约数,则需要约分后再加到反应式中去。

根据诗意的要求分析如下:

在S和K2S中,S0 →S-2,化合价变化值为ㄏ0-(-2)ㄏ= 2,所以K2SO3前的系数为2。

在S和K2SO3中,S0→S+4,化合价变化值为ㄏ0-4ㄏ= 4,所以K2S前的系数为4。

在K2S和K2SO3中,S-2→S+4,化合价变化值为ㄏ(-2)-4ㄏ= 6,所以S前的系数为6。

又因为2、4、6有公约数2,所以约简为1、2、3,将约简后的系数代入反应式得:

3S+KOH → 2K2S+K2SO3+H2O

4、悠然观察便配齐:意思是说将约简后的系数代入反应式后,悠然自在地观察一下就可以配平。

观察可知:右边为6个K,所以KOH前应加6,加6后左边为6个H,所以H2O前应加3,于是得到配平后的化学反应方程式:

3S+6KOH = 2K2S+K2SO3+3H2O

说明:说时迟,那时快,只要将这种方法掌握后,在“实战”时,仅需几秒钟便可完成配平过程。所以说“神速”是不过分的。

双水解反应简捷配平法

谁弱选谁切记清,

添加系数电何等。

反应式中常加水,

质量守恒即配平。

说明:双水解反应,是指由一种强酸弱碱盐与另一种强碱弱酸盐作用,由于相互促进,从而使水解反应进行到底的反应。如:AI2(SO4)3和Na2CO3反应。该法的特点是可以直接写系数,可在瞬间完成配平过程。

解释:

1、谁弱选谁切记清:“谁弱选谁”的意思是说,在两种盐中要选择弱碱对应的金属离子(如AI3+是弱碱AI(OH)3对应的金属阳离子;NH4+离子是特例)和弱酸对应的酸根阴离子(如CO32-是弱酸H2CO3对应的酸根阴离子)作为添加系数(配平)的对象。

2、添加系数电何等:意思是说在选择出的对象前添加一定的系数,使弱碱对应的金属阳离子(或NH4+)的电荷数与弱酸对应的酸根阴离子的电荷数相等。

3、反应式中常加水,质量守恒即配平:意思是说在两种盐的前面加上适当的系数后,为了使质量守恒,常在反应式中加上n?H2O。

举例:写出AI2(SO4)3和Na2CO3两种溶液混合,发生水解反应的化学方程式。

根据诗意的要求分析如下:

⑴、根据水解原理首先写出水解产物:

AI2(SO4)3+Na2CO3 ―― AI(OH)3↓+CO2↑+Na2SO4

⑵、因为要“谁弱选谁”,所以应选AI3+和CO32-。

⑶、添加系数电荷等,因为AI3+带3个正电荷,而在AI2(SO4)3中有2个AI3+,所以有6个正电荷;CO32-带2个负电荷,要使“电荷等”,则必须在CO32-前加系数3,于是得到:

AI2(SO4)3+3Na2CO3 ―― 2AI(OH)3↓+3CO2↑+3Na2SO4

⑷、“反应式中常加水”。因为生成物中有6个H,所以应在反应物中加上“3H2O”。这样就得到了配平好了的双水解反应方程式:

AI2(SO4)3+3Na2CO3+3H2O = 2AI(OH)3↓+3CO2↑+3Na2SO4

奇数配偶法

出现最多寻奇数,

再将奇数变为偶。

观察配平道理简,

二四不行再求六。

说明:这首诗介绍了用奇数配偶法配平化学反应方程式的步骤。该法的优点是能适应于各种类型的化学反应方程式的配平,而且简捷、迅速,可直接加系数。对一些有机物(特别是碳氢化合物)燃烧的化学反应方程式的配平显得特别有效。但该法不适合于反应物和生成物比较复杂的化学反应方程式的配平,在这种情况下,若用此法常常很麻烦。

解释:

1、出现最多寻奇数,再将奇数变为偶:这两句说的是奇数配偶法的第一步。“出现最多寻奇数”的意思是说在反应式中寻找在反应前后出现次数最多的元素,然后在此基础上寻找其中原子个数是奇数的一项;“再将奇数变为偶”的意思是说在找到的奇数前乘上一个偶数(一般是在分子前面加最小的偶数2)。

2、观察配平道理简,二四不行再求六:意思是说将奇数变为偶数以后即可观察配平,如果配不平,再依次试较大的偶数4,4若不行再用6,……

例一:请配平反应式:

Cu+HNO3(浓) ―― Cu(NO3)2+NO2↑+H2O

根据诗意的要求分析如下:

在该反应式中,Cu在反应前后出现了2次,H出现了2次,N出现了3次,O出现了4次。显而易见,氧是反应前后出现次数最多的元素,而且生成物H2O中的个数为1,是奇数,故应在H2O的前面加系数2,使奇数变为偶数:

Cu+HNO3(浓) ―― Cu(NO3)2+NO2↑+2H2O

在H2O的前面加上2后,右边有4个H,所以应在HNO3前面加上4,左边加4后有4个N,而右边有3个N,所以应在NO2前面加上2,于是得配平了的化学反应方程式:

Cu+4HNO3(浓)= Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O

例二:请配平反应式:

C2H6 +O2 ―― CO2 +H2O

分析:观察得知氧是前后出现次数最多的元素,故在H2O前加系数2,观察后不平,然后换4,但还是不行,再换6。观察配平如下:

2C2H6+7O2 = 4CO2+6H2O

氧化还原反应交叉配平法

升价降价各相加,

价变总数约后叉。

氧化还原未参与,

配平不要忘记它。

氧化还原分子内,

从右着手莫惧怕。

叉后前后出奇偶,

奇变偶后再交叉。

说明:这首诗介绍了用交叉配平法配平氧化还原反应方程式的步骤和应用该法时应注意的问题。对于较复杂的氧化还原反应,用该法配平则比较方便。

解释:

1、升价降价各相加:这句的意思是介绍了交叉配平法的第一步,即:首先表明升价元素和降价元素的化合价,然后将升降价数各自分别相加,这样就得出了升价元素化合价的价变总数和降价元素化合价的价变总数。

举例:请用交叉配平法配平如下反应式:

FeS2+O2 ―― SO2+Fe2O3

根据诗意的要求先表明升价元素和降价元素的化合价,于是得到:

Fe+2S2-1+O20 ―― S+4O2-2+Fe2+3O3-2

根据诗意的要求再算出升价元素和降价元素的价变总数。Fe2+→Fe3+化合价升高数为1,S-1→S+4化合价升高数为5,又因为FeS2中有2个S,所以S的升价总数为5×2=10,故升价元素(Fe和S)的价变总数为1+10=11;O0→O-2化合价降低数为2,因O2含2个O,所以降价元素O的价变总数为2×2=4。于是得到下式:

11 4

FeS2 + O2 ―― SO2 + Fe2O3

2、价变总数约后叉:意思是说得出的升价元素化合价的价变总数和降价元素化合价的价变总数后,若二者有公约数,则需约简后再交叉(如二者是6和9,则约简为2和3)。言外之意,若二者为互质数,则直接交叉即可。

在这个例子中,11和4是互质数,故可以直接交叉,于是得到下式:

11 4

4FeS2 + 11O2 ―― SO2 + Fe2O3

左右观察配平可得到答案:

4FeS2+11O2 = 8SO2+2Fe2O3

3、氧化还原未参与,配平不要忘记它:意思是说若有的反应物仅部分参加了氧化还原反应,一部分未参加氧化还原反应,那么应将交叉系数再加上没有参加氧化还原反应的物质的分子个数,这样才是该物质分子前的系数。

举例:请用交叉配平法配平下列反应式:

Mg+HNO3 ―― Mg(NO3)2+NH4NO3+H2O

根据诗意的要求分析如下:

Mg的价变总数为2,N的价变总数为8,约简后为1和4,故Mg前系数是4已是无疑的,而HNO3前的系数似乎应该是1,但观察生成物中有9分子的HNO3没有参加反应,故HNO3前的系数不是1,而是1+9=10。于是可得到如下配平好了的反应方程式:

4Mg+10HNO3 = 4Mg(NO3)2+NH4NO3+3H2O

4、氧化还原分子内,从右着手莫惧怕:意思是说若是分子内氧化还原反应,则应该从生成物着手交叉配平。

举例:请用交叉配平法配平下列反应式:

NH4NO3 ―― N2+O2+H2O

根据诗意分析如下:

一看便知这是一个典型的分子内氧化还原反应,所以应从生成物着手交叉。N0→N-3化合价降低数-3,是N0→N+5化合价升高数是5,故N的价变总数应是ㄏ5 + (-3) ㄏ = 2,O0→O-2化合价的价变总数为1。观察配平得:

2NH4NO3 = 2N2+O2+4H2O

5、叉后前后出奇偶,奇变偶后再交叉:意思是说若交叉系数后某原子反应前后的个数出现了一奇一偶现象,则需将奇数(乘以2)变为偶数。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

举例:请用交叉配平法配平下列反应式:

FeS+KMnO4+H2SO4 ―― K2SO4+MnSO4+Fe2(SO4)3+H2O+S↓

根据诗意的要求分析如下:

Fe和S的化合价升高总数为3(奇数),Mn的化合价降低总数为5,所以交叉系数是3和5,但Fe2(SO4)3中有2个Fe(偶数),K2SO4中有2个K(偶数),故应将3和5分别乘以2,变为偶数6和10,即6和10就是实际应该交叉的系数。由此得出:

10FeS+6KMnO4+24H2SO4 = 3K2SO4+6MnSO4+5Fe2(SO4)3+24H2O+10S↓

说明:交叉配平法在解释的时候似乎“较复杂”,但实际配平过程中,仅仅靠大脑瞬间的思维就完成了,所以只要把这首诗真正理解了,那么在实际配平中就会达到瞬间完成的效果。

万能配平法

英文字母表示数,

质电守恒方程组。

某项为一解方程,

若有分数去分母。

说明:这首诗介绍的是万能配平法的步骤。该方法的优点是:该法名副其实――万能!用它可以配平任何化学反应方程式和离子方程式。如果你把这种方法熟练掌握了,那么你就可以自豪地说:“世界上没有一个化学反应方程式我不会配平。”;该法的弱点是:对于反应物和生成物比较多的化学方程式,用该法则配平速度受到影响。但也不是绝对的,因为其速度的快慢决定于你解多元一次方程组的能力,如果解方程组的技巧掌握的较好,那么用万能配平法配平化学方程式的速度也就很理想了。

解释:

1、英文字母表示数:“数”指需要配平的分子系数。这句的意思是说万能配平法的第一步是用英文字母表示各分子式前的系数。

举例:请用万能配平法配平下列反应式:

Cu+HNO3(浓) ―― Cu(NO3)2+NO2↑+H2O

根据诗意的要求用英文字母表示各分子前的系数,于是得到如下反应方程式:

A?Cu+B?HNO3(浓) ―― C?Cu(NO3)2+D?NO2↑+E?H2O……①

2、质电守恒方程组:该法的第二步是根据质量守恒定律和电荷守恒定律列多元一次方程组(若不是离子方程式,则仅根据质量守恒定律即可)。w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

根据诗意的要求列出下列方程组:

A = C

B = 2E

B = 2C + D

3B = 6C + 2D + E

3、某项为一解方程:意思是说该法的第三步是令方程组中某个未知数为“1”,然后解方程组。

根据诗意的要求,我们令B = 1,代入方程组得下列方程组:

A = C

1 = 2E

1 = 2C + D

3 = 6C + 2D + E

解之得:A=1/4,C=1/4,D=1/2,E=1/2

将A、B、C、D、E的数值代入反应方程式①得:

1/4Cu+HNO3(浓) ―― 1/4Cu(NO3)2+1/2NO2↑+1/2H2O……②

说明:在实际配平过程中,到底该令那一项为“1”,要具体问题具体分析,以解方程组简便为准。一般是令分子式比较复杂的一项的系数为“1”。

4、若有分数去分母:意思是说该法的第四步是将第三部解方程组得到的方程组的解代入化学反应方程式中,若有的系数是分数,则要在化学反应方程式两边同乘以各分母的最小公倍数。从而各分母被去掉,使分数变为整数。

根据诗意的要求将方程②两边同乘以4得:

Cu+4HNO3(浓) = Cu(NO3)2+2NO2↑+2H2O

配平决策歌

迅速观察定类型,

歧化水解首先用。

能否奇偶再交叉,

四法技穷有万能。

说明:这首诗阐述了在实际配平时如何正确运用笔者介绍的这五种配平方法。

解释:

1、迅速观察定类型:意思是说在看到试题后,第一步是首先观察一下是属于哪一类型的反应式。

2、歧化水解首先用:意思是说若是岐化反应则首先用《歧化反应简捷配平法》,若是双水解反应则首先用《双水解反应简捷配平法》。

3、能否奇偶再交叉:意思是说既不是歧化反应,也不是双水解反应,那么再看一下反应物和生成物多少,若少则用《奇数配偶法》,若较多则用《交叉配平法》。

4、四法技穷有万能:意思是说若遇到万一的情况,即用前四种方法都解决不了,则拿出最后的绝招――《万能配平法》。

为了便于同学们掌握上述五种配平法,现提供如下几个练习题:

⑴、将FeCI3和Na2S两种溶液混合会产生什么现象?写出反应方程式,并配平。

提示:用《双水解简捷配平法》。

⑵、配平下列反应式:

KCIO3 ―― KCIO4+KCI

C2H2+O2 ―― CO2+H2O

Zn+HNO3 ―― Zn(NO3)2+NH4NO3+H2O

H2S+HNO3 ―― S+NO+H2O

提示:各种方法都用一下,并比较对于某个具体的反应式用哪种方法较简便 www.ks5u.com

 

 

w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

www.ks5u.com

试题详情

山东省实验中学2009年高三年级第四次综合测试

文科综合

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分240分,考试时间150分钟。

第Ⅰ卷(必做,共100分)

 

第Ⅰ卷为单项选择题,共25小题,每小题4分,共100分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个最符合题目要求。

湿空气和干空气的垂直递减率是不同的,湿空气的垂直递减率要小一些,因为湿空气上升时水汽会产生凝结,而水分凝结是释放热量的过程,抵消了部分因上升所引起的降温。读下图回答 1――2题。

d

1.d若点气温为26℃,a点气温为30℃,d.c两点高度相同,b点的温度为10℃,c点温度为30℃,则背风坡与a点相同高度的点气温为多少?                                                     (    )

A.35℃               B.30℃                C.25℃             D.34℃

2.根据材料的叙述可以下列判断正确的是                                                             (    )

 A.ab坡为迎风坡                             B.bc坡为迎风坡    

  C.两个坡均有可能为迎风坡                  D.无法判断

读我国27°N局部地区剖面图,回答3~5题。

3.根据当地垂直植被带分布规律判断,甲处植被带应为                                        (    )

    A.落叶阔叶林       B.热带雨林           C.高山灌丛草甸    D.常绿松林

4.①.②.③为同一条河流干流形成的三个谷地,从上游向下游的排列顺序是          (    )

    A.①②③          B.②③①          C.②①③          D.③②①

5.玉龙山山麓植被带是在干热气候条件下形成,当地这种气候的成因是                (    )

       Ⅰ.常年受副热带高气压控制,盛行下沉气流   Ⅱ.冬季风背风坡,下沉增温 

       Ⅲ.西南季风越过山顶,下沉增温             Ⅳ.河谷地形,地形闭塞

    A.Ⅰ.Ⅱ            B.Ⅲ.Ⅳ             C.Ⅰ.Ⅲ            D.Ⅱ.Ⅳ

       《碧水蓝天――展望21世纪的中国环境》研究报告中称:“从1995年到2020年,最大城市的大气质量总体有所改善……”2001年7月13日,北京申奥成功。北京申奥的一句响亮口号是“绿色奥运”。根据城市发展,预计到2010年,我国将建成轻轨铁路约450千米;到2020年,我国将建成轻轨铁路约900千米;到2050年,将建成4500千米共300条的城市轻轨铁路。回答6――8题。

6.上述材料反映出我国正致力于改善在城市化过程中产生的下列问题中的           (    )

①环境污染  ②绿地面积少  ③交通拥挤  ④就业困难  ⑤社会治安差

A.①②                  B.①②③           C.①②③④           D.①②③④⑤

7.对大多数中国城市来说,不能呈现“碧水蓝天”的原因是                                    (    )

A.城市“热岛效应”时的城市多雨天,少晴天

B.城市建设大兴土木,尘土飞扬,污水四流

C.沙尘暴时的城市大气能见度变小,水域泥沙含量大

D.城市生活.生产及交通排出废气(尾气)与生活.生产废水造成城市大气和水域污染

8.修建城市轻轨铁路,除了能改善城市交通,还可以                                           (    )

A.改善城市的景观                       B.提高城市居民的经济收入

C.改善城市的环境质量                   D.调整城市的经济结构

9.有人为简化教材内容,利用公式表示概念间关系,表述错误的是:                   (    )

  A.资本主义 = 商品经济+雇佣关系

  B.国家垄断资本主义 = 国家干预 + 垄断资本主义     

  C.小农经济 = 手工业 + 农业   

  D.江南制造总局 = 民族资本家+ 资本主

20090316

       A.《马关条约》和公车上书             B.瓜分狂潮和义和团运动

       C.《辛丑条约》和戊戌变法              D.《辛丑条约》和辛亥革命

11.《德意志帝国宪法》规定:                                                                             

       “联邦议会与帝国议会的召集、开会、延会、闭会之权属于皇帝。”

       “联邦议会的主席职位及其事务的领导权属于由皇帝任命的帝国宰相。”

       “建议并公布帝国法律及监督其执行之权属于皇帝。”

       材料反映出德国的政治制度的主要特点是                                                        (    )

       A.德国立法权控制行政权                   B.德国的皇帝凌驾于议会之上

       C.皇帝兼任联邦议会的主席             D.皇帝无权中止法律的执行

12.2008年,经济危机席卷世界,这不禁让人想起1929-1933的世界经济大危机。1932年美国总统说:“我看到这个国家二分之一的人住无定所,食不果腹,什么是衡量社会进步的标准?那不是看已经拥有很多的人是否获得更多,而是看那些一无所有的人是否得到足够的保障。”按照他的这一理念,美国政府采取的措施有         (    )

       ①以工代赈扩大就业                   

②削减农业,政府补贴 

       ③保障存款,恢复银行信用                  

       ④要求企业制定章程,规定工资标准和工作时日           

       A.①②              B.②③               C.①③               D.①④

13.右图是一本连环画的封面,该书讲述了孙家庄农民孙志刚的故事,图中的“社”指的是

(    )

       A.农业生产的合作组织     

       B.公私合营的生产组织

       C.人民公社的生产组织     

       D.包产到组的生产组织

 

 

 

 

14.玉石具有温润、坚硬的特点,我国古代形成了独特的玉文化。孔子提倡君子佩玉,主要是因为                                                 (    )

    A.玉非常贵重,是财富的标志              

    B.玉石的特点与我国古代的道德规范相吻合

   C.玉石具有祛除疾病的功用

   D.玉饰工艺精湛,具有很高的审美价值

15.“打鬼烧书图”是19世纪末流传于山东的反洋教斗争宣传画,从中我们可以获得的准确信息是                                                      (    )

       ①它反映了中西文化的冲突

       ②这种斗争具有笼统排外的性质 

       ③体现了山东人民的反帝精神 

       ④沉重打击了教会势力,迫使它们退出了山东

       A.①②               B.①③④   

       C.①②③             D.①②③④

16.诺贝尔奖获得者道格拉斯?诺斯写道:“假设一

位古希腊人能被奇迹般地送到1750年的英国他

或她会发现许多熟悉的事物。不过,如果希腊人

再晚两个世纪被送来,就会发现,自己宛如置身

于一个“幻想的”世界,什么都不认识,甚至什

么都不理解。”作者提出后一种假设的主要历史

依据是                                                                                                             (    )

       A.工业社会形成与发展                         B.人口爆炸性增长

       C.经济全球化进程加速                   D.各国间交往密切

17.中国社科院提出“台州模式”.成为浙江省经济发展过程中的典型代表。以本土的民营经济为主,创造并充分应用了股份合作制, 这一形式适应台州生产力的发展和生产要素组合社会化的趋势,使得民营经济形成了全市国民经济“十分天下有其九”的经济格局. 台州模式的成功,说明                                                     (    )

①符合“三个有利于”标准的所有制形式可以而且应当用来为社会主义市场经济经济服务

②民营经济是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分

③民营经济有利于解放发展生产力

④民营经济在浙江经济中居于主导地位

A.①②③            B.①③④             C.②③④             D.①③④

18.据个人所得税法有关规定,国务院决定自2008年10月9日起,对储蓄存款利息所得(包括人民币.外币储蓄利息所得)暂免征收个人所得税。免征利息税有利于                         (    )

  ①减轻中小企业经营压力,鼓励消费和投资②合理调节个人收入,增加财政收入

  ③增加居民储蓄,增强消费信心          ④让群众拥有更多的财产收入

  A.①②④           B.②③④          C.①②③        D.①③④

19.2008年9月13日,国务院立即启动了国家重大食品安全事故I级响应,成立应急处置领导小组,由卫生部牵头,国家质检总局.工商总局.农业部.公安部.食品药品监管局等部门和河北省人民政府参加,共同做好三鹿牌婴幼儿配方奶粉重大安全事故处置工作。这说明                                                                      (    )

A.政府及其工作人员要严格依法执政

B.国务院是我国的权力机关,有权进行立法

C.我国政府是人民意旨的执行者和人民利益的捍卫者

D.政府权力的行使需要司法机关等系统内部的监督

日益猖獗的索马里海盗行为也引起了国际社会的强烈谴责。目前,已有包括中国在内的美国.俄罗斯.印度.日本等多国政府都已加入打击海盗犯罪之行列。据此回答20-21题

20.索马里海盗活动愈益猖獗说明                                                                         (    )

  A.恐怖主义是当今世界矛盾和冲突的根源

  B.国际社会在打击海盗问题上有共同利益

  C.和平与发展是当今世界的主题之一

  D.和平对话和公平合理协商是解决国际争端的有效途径

21.2008年12月26日,在国内外广泛关注和期待下,中国海军舰艇编队远赴亚丁湾.索马里海域展开护航行动。这一事实表明                                                                                    (    )

  ①维护我国的独立和主权,促进世界和平与发展是我国外交政策的宗旨

  ②和平共处五项原则是我国外交政策的基本立场

  ③中国在形使主权国家的独立权和管辖权

    ④国家利益和国家力量是影响国际关系的重要因素

  A.①②               B.①③                 C.②③                D.①④

       航天工程是一项系统工程,需要循序渐进,从神一到神七,从无人到载人,从单人到多人,一次次的突破和胜利都源于中国航天人不断的技术积累和创新。专家们指出未来中国将实施航天器对接,创建太空实验室,进而建立自己的轨道空间站。胡锦涛指出,伟大的事业孕育伟大的精神,伟大的精神推动伟大的事业。据此回答22--23题

22.从神一到神七,从无人到载人,从单人到多人,进而建立自己的轨道空间站,航天工程作为一项系统工程,需要循序渐进,不断积累和创新,这说明:           (    )

①世界上任何事物的变化都是量变和质变的统一,必须重视量的积累。

②在尊重客观规律的基础上,充分发挥主观能动性能够认识和利用规律为人类服务。

③事物发展是前进性和曲折性的统一

④用发展的观点看问题,要把事物如实地看成一个变化发展的过程

  A.①②               B.①③                 C.②③                D.①④

23.胡锦涛指出,伟大的事业孕育伟大的精神,伟大的精神推动伟大的事业          (    )

A.正确的思想意识能够促进客观事物的发展    

B.前进性与曲折性相结合

C.理想能够转化为现实 

D.认识事物的本质和规律是一个艰苦的探索过程

24.2008年8月8日晚8时8分,第29届夏季奥运会在北京鸟巢开幕。奥运会开幕式是展现中华民族丰厚文化的大舞台,开幕式的文艺表演向全世界讲述了感动世界的中国故事。巨大的画卷演绎了中国五千年的梦想。 “长卷”.“梦幻五环”.“太极”.“点燃圣火”.“飞天”等创意给世界留下了深刻印象,体现出了丰富而悠久的中国传统文化独特的魅力。奥运开幕式的成功启示我们                                                                             (    )

       ①文化创新源于实践,必须植根于自己民族文化土壤

       ②文化决定于经济.政治,并反作用于经济.政治

       ③文化创新必须继承传统,推陈出新;面向世界,博采众长

       ④实践是检验文化创新正确与否的根本标准

A.①②            B.①④               C.②③            D.①③

 25.2008年8月下旬,一则新闻占据了各大网站IT频道的头条,番茄花园版windows xp作者涉嫌侵犯微软公司知识产权被拘留。作者洪磊已经承认通过在番茄花园版Windows XP系统中捆绑广告插件获利,按照法律规定可能判刑3至7年,同时追缴非法所得。这一事件给我们的启示                                                  (    )

A.不注重思想道德修养,即使掌握了丰富的知识,也可能危害社会

B.思想道德修养比文化知识修养更重要

C.良好的知识文化素养并不能促进思想道德素养

D. 缺乏文化知识修养,就易是非不分,善恶难辨,甚至走上违法犯罪的邪路

 

20090316

 

2,4,6

26.(25分)阅读下列材料,回答问题。

材料一:浙江省2008年早稻、晚稻播种面积均比上年有所下降,加上台风较多,对晚稻生长影响较大,造成浙江省粮食总产量低于2007年。另外,由于种粮成本上升较快,虽然粮食收购价格高于上年,但农民总体收益却低于上年。

材料二:拥有17400万亩耕地的黑龙江是全国最大的商品粮基地,水稻商品量居全国第一,占全国耕地面积的1/10,每年向省外销售的粮食高达93亿斤,遍及全国29个省市,其中运输到北京12亿斤,天津7亿斤,上海10亿斤,浙江11亿斤,广东4亿斤。

材料三:我国部分省区商品粮基地图:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   (1)简述浙江粮食播种下降的原因。(6分)

 

 

   (2)阅读浙江省商品粮基地分布图和相关材料,浙江是我国著名的鱼米之乡,但是为什么现在粮食需要从黑龙江调入?浙江从黑龙江调入大米,对两地的经济社会将产生什么积极影响?(10分)

 

 

   (3)阅读黑龙江商品粮基地图,三江平原分布在     ,(填写数字),该平原是我国重要的商品粮基地,请你简要分析其成为商品粮基地的条件。(12分)

 

 

   (4)黑龙江在杭州开设稻米加工厂,有什么有利条件?(8分)

 

 

27.(25分)某研究课题小组在对民族复兴问题的研究中搜集到了以下几组史料,阅读后回答相关问题。

       材料一 :1941年中国共产党发表《为抗战四周年纪念宣言》中说:“四年以来,全国军民奋起抗战,不顾牺牲,不怕困难,前赴后继,再接再厉,付出了很大的代价,度过了许多的难关,卒能使敌寇胆寒,环球心折,奠定了民族复兴的基础,产生了新中国的雏形。”   

                                     ――王侩林《抗日战争与解放战争若干问题研究》

   (1)指出中国共产党在民族复兴问题上的认识是什么?(4分)抗日战争是怎样提高中国的国际地位而使“环球心折”的?(4分)

 

 

 

 

材料二: 1937年,红星照耀西方。该年1月,在美国《生活》杂志上,惊异的出现了毛泽东的头像。在斯诺为他拍摄的一系列照片中,那张头带八角帽,神情沉着,面容清癯的肖像无疑最为著名。

2,4,6

(2)结合你的理解,简述“红星”是如何“照耀西方”的(4分)

      

 

材料三: 抗日战争是中华民族从衰败到复兴的转折点。抗战胜利后,民族复兴之路遭遇到艰难的国际政治环境,而(改革开放前长期进行的)经济积累又奠定了后来经济腾飞的基础。

   (3)如何理解“民族复兴之路遭遇到艰难的国际政治环境”?改革开放前长期进行的“经济积累”涉及到哪些主要历史事件?(4分)

      

 

材料四  “21世纪始于1978年”,这是英国《卫报》专栏作家的断言。因为哪一年“是邓小平在中国实行改革开放的年份---一个社会主义国家开始从平均主义向市场经济走出了尝试性的一步,它创造了一个完全不同的历史”。 

   (4)这个“完全不同的历史”有什么主要表现?(4分)结合上述史料及所学知识,分析为什么民族复兴的梦想会在1946年破灭却在1978年变成现实?(4分)

 

 

   (5)对中华民族复兴问题的认识, 观点一是“中国不可能复兴,因为它存在太多的麻烦问题。”  观点二是“中华民族必然会崛起和复兴,这是历史的必然。”依据这两种观点,谈谈你自己的看法(4分)

      

 

28.(25分)阅读下列材料,回答后面问题。

    材料一:截至2008年7月6日12时,各级政府共投入抗震救灾资金548.76亿元。其中,中央财政投入497.48亿元,地方财政投入51.28亿元。此前,财政部和国家税务总局联合发布了抗震救灾及灾后重建的有关税收优惠政策,要求各级财政税务机关认真贯彻落实好现行税收法律、法规中可以适用于抗震救灾及灾后重建的有关税收优惠政策。

材料二:在党中央、国务院的坚强领导下,抗震救灾取得了重大阶段性成果。从抗震救灾实际出发,着眼改革发展稳定大局,党中央、国务院及时作出了“两手抓”的决策部署:一手毫不松懈地抓抗震救灾,坚持以人为本,把安置受灾群众、恢复生产、灾后重建摆在更加突出的位置,举全国之力支援灾区,打赢抗震救灾这场硬仗;一手坚定不移地抓好经济社会发展,保持经济的良好发展态势,维护社会的和谐稳定,把奥运会各项筹备工作做得更好。

材料三: “5•12”汶川大地震后,温家宝在北川中学临时学校写下“多难兴邦”4个大字,并鼓励大家“面向光明的未来,昂起倔强的头颅,挺起不屈的脊梁,燃起那颗炽热的心,向前,向光明的未来前进”。地震,让我们这个国家和民族遭受到前所未有的自然灾害,地震,摧毁了数以十万计的房屋,夺去了数以万计的鲜活生命,但也正在以瞬间之速凝聚着这个多难的民族。一个民族最强大的力量,源于不屈的人民,源于磨难之中迅速崛起的力量与决心。正是因为我们曾历经过许许多多的磨难,所以我们并没被突如其来的地震吓倒,也正因为我们正勇敢不屈地面对和克服此次灾难,所以我们就变得更加强大。

根据材料,回答问题:

   (1)结合材料一,分析财政税收在抗震救灾中发挥的作用。(8分)

 

 

 

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