(一)SO42-的检验
1、检验SO42-时要防止其他离子的干扰
(1)Ag+干扰:
先用盐酸酸化,能防止Ag+干扰,因为(写离子方程式)Ag++Cl-=AgCl↓。
(2)CO32-、SO32-干扰:
因为BaCO3、BaSO3也是白色沉淀,与BaSO4白色沉淀所不同的是这些沉淀能溶于强酸中。因此检验SO42-时,必须用酸酸化(不能用HNO3酸化)。例如(写BaCO3溶于强酸的离子方程式):BaCO3+2H+=H2O+CO2↑+Ba2+。
所用钡盐不能用Ba(NO3)2溶液,因为在酸性条件下,SO32-、HSO3-、SO2等会被溶液中NO3-氧化为SO42-,从而得出错误的结论。
2、正确操作
被检液(加足量盐酸酸化),取清液(滴加BaCl2溶液),有无白色沉淀(判断有无SO42-)。
(二)用途
可作钡餐的是硫酸钡,可用作净水剂的是明矾,可用于调节水泥硬化时间的是石膏,可用于生产防治缺铁性贫血药剂的是硫酸亚铁。
(一)常见硫酸盐
石膏(也叫生石膏)CaSO4·2H2O,绿矾FeSO4·7H2O,蓝矾(胆矾)CuSO4·5H2O,芒硝Na2SO4·10H2O,重晶石BaSO4,明矾KAl(SO4)2·12H2O。
20. They are talking about the moon they had been there for years
A. as though B. even if C. like D. because
19. Our teacher looked here and there on our playground ________ looking for something
A. even though B. even if C. as if D. only if
18.__________ the great efforts we made, we failed to carry out our plans
A. Instead of B. Thanks to C. In spite of D. Because
17.--Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed to her?
--Yes, I gave it to her ____ I saw her
A while B the moment C suddenly D once
16. The hurricane damaged many houses and business buildings; ____, it caused 20 deaths
A. or else B. therefore C. after all D. besides
15. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ________ we’ve actually had that lesson
A. until B. after C. since D. when
14. There are more exercise-books for NMET _________ are needed, so take your teacher’s advice before using them.
A then B which D what D than
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