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Skill
Focus |
Learn to make inferences
with “must”, “might”, “could”, and “can’t”. Talk about the words you don’t understand or something that worries you. |
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Language Focus |
功 能 句 式 |
Make inferences (P34- P35) Whose…is this? It must be… Talk about the words you don’t understand or something that worries you What do you think …mean? It might mean … |
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词 汇 |
1.
重点词汇 picnic, possibly, drop, count, final, owner, sky, catch, interview, noise, wind, neighbor, director, smell, finger, lift, stone 2.认读词汇 belong, author, symphony, optometrist, algebra, crucial, anxious, worried, Oxford, chase, creature, unhappy, extremely, footstep, garbage, mystery, monkey, escape, bark, ant, dishonest, pretend, attempt, Hemingway, Fred, Mark Twain 3.词组 belong to, hair band, use up |
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语 法 |
must, might, could and can’t for
making inferences |
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Strategy Focus |
1.
sequencing 2. deducing |
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Culture Focus |
Different opinions about dreams. Different proverbs show different cultures. |
have to比较强调客观需要,must着重说明主观看法。另外have to能用于更多时态,比较下面的句子:
We had to be there at ten.我们得在十点钟到那里。
We'll have to reconsider the whole thing.这一切我将不得不重新加以考虑。
有时两者都可以用,意思差别不大。
例如:
We must have to leave now.我们得走了。
must在表示说话人对事物的推测时候要注意它比may肯定得多,相当于汉语的“一定”或“准是”。(只有在肯定句中能这样用。)
This must be your room.
There must be a mistake.
在回答由must引起的问题时,如果是否定的答复,不能用mustn't,而需要用needn't或don't have
to,因为mustn't是“一定不要”的意思。
例如:
-Must we hand in our exercises today?
-No,you needn't.
must not的否定形式则表示“不应该”或“不许可”,语气比较强烈。
例如:
You mustn't play on the road.
You mustn't eat anything until you see the doctor.
2. might的用法:
a. might可以代替may,表示现在时间的动作,但语气较为婉转客气或更加不肯定。
例如:
He might not come today.
Might I take a suggestion?
b. might用来表示现在时间时,还可表示”规劝”。
例如:
You might pay more attention to spoken English.
1. may的用法:
a. 表示”允许”或”请求”。
例如:
May I come in?
在使用这一用法时需注意: may表示“允许”的否定形式是must not,意思是“不应该”,“不许可”。
例如:
-May I take this book out of the reading-room?
-No,you mustn't.不行。
b. 表示说话人的猜测,认为某一事情”或许”或”可能”发生。
例如:
He may know the answer.
Tomorrow I may go shopping.
c. may用在感叹句中可表示祝愿、愿望。
例如:
May you succeed.(祝你成功。)
May you have a pleasant journey.(一路平安。)
2. could 是 can的过去式,表示过去有过的能力和可能性,还有怀疑和不肯定的意思(在否定和疑问句中)。
例如:
The doctor said he could help him.(能力)
She couldn't skate when she was five years old. (能力)
At that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)
could用来提问,是有礼貌的请求 Could.... Please? 语气较为婉转。
例如:
Could I speak to Mr. Smith, please?
Could you help us carry this box, please?
1.can表示体力和脑力方面的能力,或根据客观条件能做某种动作的“能力”。
例如:
Can you speak English?
What can I do for you?
Can you make a cake?
can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的 “猜测”或 “不肯定”。
例如:
Where can he be?
Can the news be true?
(在日常会话中,can可代替may表示”允许”,may比较正式)
(三)In my dream, I was swimming in an ocean of paper.
在我的梦中,我浸泡在数不尽的试卷中。
(in)an ocean of, 或(in)oceans of是介词短语,口语中常用,意为“极多的,用不尽的”。
在of后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式均可。
例如:
He thinks he has oceans of time.
他认为他有用不尽的时间。
语法知识:
表示推测的情态动词。
在英语中,表示对某件事物的确定程度,即表示推测的时候,我们通常会用到以下情态动词,must, might, could, may, can’t,
couldn’t.
(二)My parents called the police, but they can’t find anything strange.
我的父母亲报了警,但他们也没能发现奇怪的东西。
(1)the police可以看作为复数名词,意思是“警察、警方”。
但如果指一个警员,就要用a policeman或a policewoman。
(2)can’t在本句中,不表示“推断”,而表示“能力”。
3. unhappy是happy的反义词。unhappy是一个合成词,由un+happy组合而成。
我们常用的在词前加前缀变为其反义词的有:
前 缀例 词派生词
un-“不”happy unhappy
like unlike
grateful ungrateful
friendly unfriendly
lucky unlucky
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